Friday 20 December 2013

MVC Interview Questions and Answers

This article on Interview Questions and Answers of MVC basically covers most of the MVC 2, MVC 3 and MVC 4 topics that are most likely to be asked in job interviews/tests/exams.
The sole purpose of this article is to sum up important questions and answers that can be used by developers to brush-up all about MVC before they take any interview of the same kind.

What is MVC?

MVC is a framework pattern that splits an application’s implementation logic into three component roles: models, views, and controllers.
  • Model: The business entity on which the overall application operates. Many applications use a persistent storage mechanism (such as a database) to store data. MVC does not specifically mention the data access layer because it is understood to be encapsulated by the Model.
  • View: The user interface that renders the Model into a form of interaction.
  • Controller: Handles a request from a View and updates the Model that results in a change of the Model's state.
To implement MVC in .NET, we need mainly three classes (View, Controller and the Model).

Explain MVC Architecture?

The architecture is self explanatory. The browser (as usual) sends a request to IIS, IIS searches for the route defined in MVC application and passes the request to the controller as per route, the controller communicates with the model and passes the populated model (entity) to View (front end), Views are populated with model properties, and are rendered on the browser, passing the response to browser through IIS via controllers which invoked the particular View.

What are the new features of MVC2?

ASP.NET MVC 2 was released in March 2010. Its main features are:
  • Introduction of UI helpers with automatic scaffolding with customizable templates
  • Attribute-based model validation on both client and server
  • Strongly typed HTML helpers
  • Improved Visual Studio tooling
  • There were also lots of API enhancements and “pro” features, based on feedback from developers building a variety of applications on ASP.NET MVC 1, such as:
    • Support for partitioning large applications into areas
    • Asynchronous controllers support
    • Support for rendering subsections of a page/site using Html.RenderAction
    • Lots of new helper functions, utilities, and API enhancements

What are the new features of MVC3?

ASP.NET MVC 3 shipped just 10 months after MVC 2 in Jan 2011. Some of the top features in MVC 3 included:
  • The Razor view engine
  • Support for .NET 4 Data Annotations
  • Improved model validation
  • Greater control and flexibility with support for dependency resolution and global action filters
  • Better JavaScript support with unobtrusive JavaScript, jQuery Validation, and JSON binding
  • Use of NuGet to deliver software and manage dependencies throughout the platform

What are the new features of MVC4?

Following are the top features of MVC4:
  • ASP.NET Web API
  • Enhancements to default project templates
  • Mobile project template using jQuery Mobile
  • Display Modes
  • Task support for Asynchronous Controllers
  • Bundling and minification

Explain “page lifecycle” of an ASP.NET MVC?

Following processes are performed by ASP.NET MVC page:
  1. App initialization
  2. Routing
  3. Instantiate and execute controller
  4. Locate and invoke controller action
  5. Instantiate and render view

Advantages of MVC Framework?

  1. Provides a clean separation of concerns between UI (Presentation layer), model (Transfer objects/Domain Objects/Entities) and Business Logic (Controller)
  2. Easy to UNIT Test
  3. Improved reusability of views/model. One can have multiple views which can point to the same model and vice versa
  4. Improved structuring of the code

What do you mean by Separation of Concerns?

As per Wikipedia, 'the process of breaking a computer program into distinct features that overlap in functionality as little as possible'. MVC design pattern aims to separate content from presentation and data-processing from content.

Where do we see Separation of Concerns in MVC?

Between the data-processing (Model) and the rest of the application.
When we talk about Views and Controllers, their ownership itself explains separation. The views are just the presentation form of an application, it does not have to know specifically about the requests coming from controller. The Model is independent of View and Controllers, it only holds business entities that can be passed to any View by the controller as required for exposing them to the end user. The controller is independent of Views and Models, its sole purpose is to handle requests and pass it on as per the routes defined and as per the need of rendering views. Thus our business entities (model), business logic (controllers) and presentation logic (views) lie in logical/physical layers independent of each other.

What is Razor View Engine?

Razor is the first major update to render HTML in MVC3. Razor was designed specifically as a view engine syntax. It has one main focus: code-focused templating for HTML generation. Here’s how that same markup would be generated using Razor:

@model MvcMusicStore.Models.Genre
@{ViewBag.Title = "Browse Albums";}
<div class="genre">
<h3><em>@Model.Name</em> Albums</h3>
<ul id="album-list">
@foreach (var album in Model.Albums)
{
<li>
<a href="@Url.Action("Details", new { id = album.AlbumId })">
<img alt="@album.Title" src="@album.AlbumArtUrl" />
<span>@album.Title</span>
</a>
</li>
}
</ul>
</div>
 
The Razor syntax is easier to type, and easier to read. Razor doesn’t have the XML-like heavy syntax. of the Web Forms view engine.

What is Unobtrusive JavaScript?

Unobtrusive JavaScript is a general term that conveys a general philosophy, similar to the term REST (Representational State Transfer). The high-level description is that unobtrusive JavaScript doesn’t intermix JavaScript code in your page markup. For example, rather than hooking in via event attributes like onclick and onsubmit, the unobtrusive JavaScript attaches to elements by their ID or class, often based on the presence of other attributes (such as HTML5 data- attributes).
It’s got semantic meaning, and all of it — the tag structure, element attributes, and so on — should have a precise meaning. Strewing JavaScript gunk across the page to facilitate interaction (I’m looking at you, __doPostBack!) harms the content of the document.

What is JSON Binding?

MVC 3 included JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) binding support via the new JsonValueProviderFactory, enabling the action methods to accept and model-bind data in JSON format. This is especially useful in advanced Ajax scenarios like client templates and data binding that need to post data back to the server.

What is Dependency Resolution?

MVC 3 introduced a new concept called a dependency resolver, which greatly simplified the use of dependency injection in your applications. This made it easier to decouple application components, making them more configurable and easier to test.
Support was added for the following scenarios:
  • Controllers (registering and injecting controller factories, injecting controllers)
  • Views (registering and injecting view engines, injecting dependencies into view pages)
  • Action filters (locating and injecting filters)
  • Model binders (registering and injecting)
  • Model validation providers (registering and injecting)
  • Model metadata providers (registering and injecting)
  • Value providers (registering and injecting)

What are Display Modes in MVC4?

Display modes use a convention-based approach to allow selecting different views based on the browser making the request. The default view engine first looks for views with names ending with .Mobile.cshtml when the browser’s user agent indicates a known mobile device. For example, if we have a generic view titled Index.cshtml and a mobile view titled Index.Mobile.cshtml, MVC 4 will automatically use the mobile view when viewed in a mobile browser.
Additionally, we can register your own custom device modes that will be based on your own custom criteria — all in just one code statement. For example, to register a WinPhone device mode that would serve views ending with .WinPhone.cshtml to Windows Phone devices, you’d use the following code in the Application_Start method of your Global.asax:

DisplayModeProvider.Instance.Modes.Insert(0, new DefaultDisplayMode("WinPhone")
{
ContextCondition = (context => context.GetOverriddenUserAgent().IndexOf
("Windows Phone OS", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) >= 0)
});
 

What is AuthConfig.cs in MVC4?

AuthConfig.cs is used to configure security settings, including sites for OAuth login.

What is BundleConfig.cs in MVC4?

BundleConfig.cs in MVC4 is used to register bundles used by the bundling and minification system. Several bundles are added by default, including jQuery, jQueryUI, jQuery validation, Modernizr, and default CSS references.

What is FilterConfig.cs in MVC4?

This is used to register global MVC filters. The only filter registered by default is the HandleErrorAttribute, but this is a great place to put other filter registrations.

What is RouteConfig.cs in MVC4?

RouteConfig.cs holds the granddaddy of the MVC config statements, Route configuration.

What is WebApiConfig.cs in MVC4?

Used to register Web API routes, as well as set any additional Web API configuration settings.

What’s new in adding controller in MVC4 application?

Previously (in MVC3 and MVC2), the Visual Studio Add Controller menu item only displayed when we right-clicked on the Controllers folder. However, the use of the Controllers folder was purely for organization. (MVC will recognize any class that implements the IController interface as a Controller, regardless of its location in your application.) The MVC 4 Visual Studio tooling has been modified to display the Add Controller menu item for any folder in your MVC project. This allows us to organize your controllers however you would like, perhaps separating them into logical groups or separating MVC and Web API controllers.

What are the software requirements of ASP.NET MVC4 application?

MVC 4 runs on the following Windows client operating systems:
  • Windows XP
  • Windows Vista
  • Windows 7
  • Windows 8
It runs on the following server operating systems:
  • Windows Server 2003
  • Windows Server 2008
  • Windows Server 2008 R2
MVC 4 development tooling is included with Visual Studio 2012 and can be installed on Visual Studio 2010 SP1/Visual Web Developer 2010 Express SP1.

What are the various types of Application Templates used to create an MVC application?

The various templates are as follows:
  1. The Internet Application template: This contains the beginnings of an MVC web application — enough so that you can run the application immediately after creating it and see a few pages. This template also includes some basic account management functions which run against the ASP.NET Membership.
  2. The Intranet Application template: The Intranet Application template was added as part of the ASP.NET MVC 3 Tools Update. It is similar to the Internet Application template, but the account management functions run against Windows accounts rather than the ASP.NET Membership system.
  3. The Basic template: This template is pretty minimal. It still has the basic folders, CSS, and MVC application infrastructure in place, but no more. Running an application created using the Empty template just gives you an error message. Why use Basic template? The Basic template is intended for experienced MVC developers who want to set up and configure things exactly how they want them.
  4. The Empty template: The Basic template used to be called the Empty template, but developers complained that it wasn’t quite empty enough. With MVC 4, the previous Empty template was renamed Basic, and the new Empty template is about as empty as we can get. It has the assemblies and basic folder structure in place, but that’s about it.
  5. The Mobile Application template: The Mobile Application template is preconfigured with jQuery Mobile to jump-start creating a mobile only website. It includes mobile visual themes, a touch-optimized UI, and support for Ajax navigation.
  6. The Web API template: ASP.NET Web API is a framework for creating HTTP services. The Web API template is similar to the Internet Application template but is streamlined for Web API development. For instance, there is no user account management functionality, as Web API account management is often significantly different from standard MVC account management. Web API functionality is also available in the other MVC project templates, and even in non-MVC project types.

What are the default Top level directories created when adding MVC4 application?

Default Top level Directories are:

DIRECTORY           PURPOSE
/Controllers        To put Controller classes that handle URL requests
/Models             To put classes that represent and manipulate data and business objects
/Views              To put UI template files that are responsible for rendering output like HTML.
/Scripts            To put JavaScript library files and scripts (.js)
/Images             To put images used in your site
/Content            To put CSS and other site content, other than scripts and images
/Filters            To put filter code.
/App_Data           To store data files you want to read/write
/App_Start          To put configuration code for features like Routing, Bundling, Web API.
 
 

What is namespace of ASP.NET MVC?

ASP.NET MVC namespaces as well as classes are located in assembly System.Web.Mvc.
Note: Some of the content has been taken from various books/articles.

What is System.Web.Mvc namespace?

This namespace contains classes and interfaces that support the MVC pattern for ASP.NET Web applications. This namespace includes classes that represent controllers, controller factories, action results, views, partial views, and model binders.

What is System.Web.Mvc.Ajax namespace?

System.Web.Mvc.Ajax namespace contains classes that supports Ajax scripting in an ASP.NET MVC application. The namespace includes support for Ajax scripts and Ajax option settings as well.

What is System.Web.Mvc.Async namespace?

System.Web.Mvc.Async namespace contains classes and interfaces that support asynchronous actions in an ASP.NET MVC application.

What is System.Web.Mvc.Html namespace?

System.Web.Mvc.Html namespace contains classes that help render HTML controls in an MVC application. This namespace includes classes that support forms, input controls, links, partial views, and validation.

What is ViewData, ViewBag and TempData?

MVC provides us ViewData, ViewBag and TempData for passing data from controller, view and in next requests as well. ViewData and ViewBag are similar to some extent but TempData performs additional roles.

What are the roles and similarities between ViewData and ViewBag?

  • Maintains data when moving from controller to view
  • Passes data from controller to respective view
  • Their value becomes null when any redirection occurs, because their role is to provide a way to communicate between controllers and views. It’s a communication mechanism within the server call.

What are the differences between ViewData and ViewBag? (taken from a blog)

  • ViewData is a dictionary of objects that is derived from ViewDataDictionary class and accessible using strings as  keys.
  • ViewBag is a dynamic property that takes advantage of the new dynamic features in C# 4.0.
  • ViewData requires typecasting for complex data type and checks for null values to avoid error.
  • ViewBag doesn’t require typecasting for complex data type.
NOTE: Although there might not be a technical advantage to choosing one format over the other, there are some critical differences to be aware of between the two syntaxes.
One obvious difference is that ViewBag works only when the key being accessed is a valid C# identifier. For example, if you place a value in ViewData["KeyWith Spaces"], you can’t access that value using ViewBag because the codewon’t compile.
Another key issue to be aware of is that dynamic values cannot be passed in as parameters to extension methods. The C# compiler must know the real type of every parameter at compile time in order for it to choose the correct extension method.
If any parameter is dynamic, compilation will fail. For example, this code will always fail: @Html.TextBox("name", ViewBag.Name). To work around this, either use ViewData["Name"] or cast the value to a specific type: (string) ViewBag.Name.

What is TempData?

TempData is a dictionary derived from the TempDataDictionary class and stored in short lives session. It is a string key and object value.
It keeps the information for the time of an HTTP Request. This means only from one page to another. It helps to maintain data when we move from one controller to another controller or from one action to other action. In other words, when we redirect Tempdata helps to maintain data between those redirects. It internally uses session variables. Temp data use during the current and subsequent request only means it is used when we are sure that the next request will be redirecting to next view. It requires typecasting for complex data type and checks for null values to avoid error. Generally it is used to store only one time messages like error messages, validation messages.

How can you define a dynamic property with the help of viewbag in ASP.NET MVC?

Assign a key name with syntax, ViewBag.[Key]=[ Value] and value using equal to operator.
For example, you need to assign list of students to the dynamic Students property of ViewBag.

List<string> students = new List<string>();
countries.Add("Akhil");
countries.Add("Ekta");
ViewBag.Students = students;
//Students is a dynamic property associated with ViewBag.
 

 
public class Employee : IEntity
{
     public int Id { get; set; }  // Employee's unique identifier
     public string FirstName { get; set; }  // Employee's first name
     public string LastName { get; set; }  // Employee's last name
     public DateTime DateCreated { get; set; }  // Date when employee was created
}
 
View models differ from domain models in that view models only contain 
the data (represented by properties) that you want to use on your view. 
For example, let's say that you want to add a new employee record, your 
view model might look like this: 
 
 
public class CreateEmployeeViewModel
{
     public string FirstName { get; set; }
     public string LastName { get; set; }
}
 
As you can see, it only contains 2 of the properties of the employee domain model. Why is this you may ask? Id might not be set from the view, it might be auto generated by the Employee table. AndDateCreated might also be set in the stored procedure or in the service layer of your application. So Id and DateCreated is not needed in the view model.
When loading the view/page, the create action method in your employee controller will create an instance of this view model, populate any fields if required, and then pass this view model to the view:

public class EmployeeController : Controller
{
     private readonly IEmployeeService employeeService;

     public EmployeeController(IEmployeeService employeeService)
     {
          this.employeeService = employeeService;
     }

     public ActionResult Create()
     {
          CreateEmployeeViewModel viewModel = new CreateEmployeeViewModel();

          return View(viewModel);
     }

     public ActionResult Create(CreateEmployeeViewModel viewModel)
     {
          // Do what ever needs to be done before adding the employee to the database
     }
}

 

 
Your view might look like this (assuming you are using ASP.NET MVC3 and razor):

 


 
@model MyProject.Web.ViewModels.ProductCreateViewModel

<table>
     <tr>
          <td><b>First Name:</b></td>
          <td>@Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.FirstName, new { maxlength = "50", size = "50" })
              @Html.ValidationMessageFor(x => x.FirstName)
          </td>
     </tr>
     <tr>
          <td><b>Last Name:</b></td>
          <td>@Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.LastName, new { maxlength = "50", size = "50" })
              @Html.ValidationMessageFor(x => x.LastName)
          </td>
     </tr>
</table>
 
 
Validation would thus be done only on FirstName and LastName.
 Using Fluent Validation, you might have validation like this: 
 
public class CreateEmployeeViewModelValidator : AbstractValidator<CreateEmployeeViewModel>
{
     public CreateEmployeeViewModelValidator()
     {
          RuleFor(x => x.FirstName)
               .NotEmpty()
               .WithMessage("First name required")
               .Length(1, 50)
               .WithMessage("First name must not be greater than 50 characters");

          RuleFor(x => x.LastName)
               .NotEmpty()
               .WithMessage("Last name required")
               .Length(1, 50)
               .WithMessage("Last name must not be greater than 50 characters");
     }
}
 

The key thing to remember is that the view model only represents the data that you want use. You can imagine all the unneccessary code and validation if you have a domain model with 30 properties and you only want to update a single value. Given this scenario, you would only have this one value/property in the view model and not the whole domain object.

How do you check for AJAX request with C# in MVC.NET?

The solution is independent of MVC.NET framework and is global across server side technologies. Most modern AJAX applications utilize XmlHTTPRequest to send async request to the server. Such requests will have distinct request header:

X-Requested-With = XMLHTTPREQUEST

MVC.NET provides helper function to check for ajax requests which internally inspects X-Requested-With request header to set IsAjax flag.

What are Scaffold templates?

These templates use the Visual Studio T4 templating system to generate a view based on the model type selected. Scaffolding in ASP.NET MVC can generate the boilerplate code we need for create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) functionality in an application. The scaffolding templates can examine the type definition for, and then generate a controller and the controller’s associated views. The scaffolding knows how to name controllers, how to name views, what code needs to go in each component, and where to place all these pieces in the project for the application to work.

What are the types of Scaffolding Templates?

Various types are as follows:

SCAFFOLD           DESCRIPTION
Empty              Creates empty view. Only the model type is specified using the model syntax.
Create             Creates a view with a form for creating new instances of the model.
                   Generates a label and input field for each property of the model type.
Delete             Creates a view with a form for deleting existing instances of the model.
                   Displays a label and the current value for each property of the model.
Details            Creates a view that displays a label and the value for each property of the
                   model type.
Edit               Creates a view with a form for editing existing instances of the model.
                   Generates a label and input field for each property of the model type.
List               Creates a view with a table of model instances. Generates a column
                   for each property of the model type. Make sure to pass an 
                   IEnumerable<YourModelType> to this view from your action method.
                   The view also contains links to actions for performing the 
                   create/edit/delete operation. 
 

Show an example of difference in syntax in Razor and WebForm View? 

 

Razor <span>@model.Message</span>
Web Forms <span><%: model.Message %></span>
 
Code expressions in Razor are always HTML encoded. This Web Forms syntax also automatically HTML encodes the value.

What are Code Blocks in Views?

Unlike code expressions, which are evaluated and outputted to the response, blocks of code are simply sections of code that are executed. They are useful for declaring variables that we may need to use later.

Razor

@{ int x = 123; string y = ?because.?; }

Web Forms

<% int x = 123; string y = "because."; %>

What is HelperPage.IsAjax Property?

HelperPage.IsAjax gets a value that indicates whether Ajax is being used during the request of the Web page.
  • Namespace: System.Web.WebPages
  • Assembly: System.Web.WebPages.dll
However, the same can be achieved by checking requests header directly:

Request["X-Requested-With"] == “XmlHttpRequest”.

Explain combining text and markup in Views with the help of an example?

This example shows what intermixing text and markup looks like using Razor as compared to Web Forms:

Razor

@foreach (var item in items) { <span>Item @item.Name.</span> }

Web Forms

<% foreach (var item in items) { %> <span>Item <%: item.Name %>.</span> <% } %>

Explain Repository Pattern in ASP.NET MVC?

In simple terms, a repository basically works as a mediator between our business logic layer and our data access layer of the application. Sometimes, it would be troublesome to expose the data access mechanism directly to business logic layer, it may result in redundant code for accessing data for similar entities or it may result in a code that is hard to test or understand. To overcome these kinds of issues, and to write an Interface driven and test driven code to access data, we use Repository Pattern. The repository makes queries to the data source for the data, thereafter maps the data from the data source to a business entity/domain object, finally and persists the changes in the business entity to the data source. According to MSDN, a repository separates the business logic from the interactions with the underlying data source or Web service. The separation between the data and business tiers has three benefits:
  • It centralizes the data logic or Web service access logic.
  • It provides a substitution point for the unit tests.
  • It provides a flexible architecture that can be adapted as the overall design of the application evolves.
In Repository, we write our whole business logic of CRUD operations with the help of Entity Framework classes, that will not only result in meaningful test driven code but will also reduce our controller code of accessing data.

How can you call a JavaScript function/method on the change of Dropdown List in MVC?

Create a JavaScript method:

<script type="text/javascript"> function selectedIndexChanged() { } </script> Invoke the method: <%:Html.DropDownListFor(x => x.SelectedProduct, new SelectList(Model.Users, "Value", "Text"), "Please Select a User", new { id = "ddlUsers", onchange="selectedIndexChanged()" })%>

Explain Routing in MVC?

A route is a URL pattern that is mapped to a handler. The handler can be a physical file, such as an .aspx file in a Web Forms application. Routing module is responsible for mapping incoming browser requests to particular MVC controller actions.
Routing within the ASP.NET MVC framework serves two main purposes:
  • It matches incoming requests that would not otherwise match a file on the file system and maps the requests to a controller action.
  • It constructs outgoing URLs that correspond to controller actions.

How route table is created in ASP.NET MVC?

When an MVC application first starts, the Application_Start() method in global.asax is called. This method calls the RegisterRoutes() method. The RegisterRoutes() method creates the route table for MVC application.

What are Layouts in ASP.NET MVC Razor?

Layouts in Razor help maintain a consistent look and feel across multiple views within our application. As compared to Web Forms, layouts serve the same purpose as master pages, but offer both a simpler syntax and greater flexibility.
We can use a layout to define a common template for your site (or just part of it). This template contains one or more placeholders that the other views in your application provide content for. In some ways, it’s like an abstract base class for your views.
E.g. declared at the top of view as:

 @{ Layout = "~/Views/Shared/SiteLayout.cshtml"; }

What is ViewStart?

For group of views that all use the same layout, this can get a bit redundant and harder to maintain.
The _ViewStart.cshtml page can be used to remove this redundancy. The code within this file is executed before the code in any view placed in the same directory. This file is also recursively applied to any view within a subdirectory.
When we create a default ASP.NET MVC project, we find there is already a _ViewStart .cshtml file in the Views directory. It specifies a default layout:

@{ Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; }

Because this code runs before any view, a view can override the Layout property and choose a different one. If a set of views shares common settings, the _ViewStart.cshtml file is a useful place to consolidate these common view settings. If any view needs to override any of the common settings, the view can set those values to another value.
Note: Some of the content has been taken from various books/articles.

What are HTML Helpers?

HTML helpers are methods we can invoke on the HTML property of a view. We also have access to URL helpers (via the Url property), and AJAX helpers (via the Ajax property). All these helpers have the same goal: to make views easy to author. The URL helper is also available from within the controller. Most of the helpers, particularly the HTML helpers, output HTML markup. For example, the BeginForm helper is a helper we can use to build a robust form tag for our search form, but without using lines and lines of code:

@using (Html.BeginForm("Search", "Home", FormMethod.Get)) { <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Search" /> }

What is Html.ValidationSummary?

The ValidationSummary helper displays an unordered list of all validation errors in the ModelState dictionary. The Boolean parameter you are using (with a value of true) is telling the helper to exclude property-level errors. In other words, you are telling the summary to display only the errors in ModelState associated with the model itself, and exclude any errors associated with a specific model property. We will be displaying property-level errors separately. Assume you have the following code somewhere in the controller action rendering the edit view:

ModelState.AddModelError("", "This is all wrong!"); ModelState.AddModelError("Title", "What a terrible name!");

The first error is a model-level error, because you didn’t provide a key (or provided an empty key) to associate the error with a specific property. The second error you associated with the Title property, so in your view it will not display in the validation summary area (unless you remove the parameter to the helper method, or change the value to false). In this scenario, the helper renders the following HTML:

<div class="validation-summary-errors"> <ul> <li>This is all wrong!</li> </ul> </div>
Other overloads of the ValidationSummary helper enable you to provide header text and set specific HTML attributes.

NOTE: By convention, the ValidationSummary helper renders the CSS class validation-summary-errors along with any specific CSS classes you provide. The default MVC project template includes some styling to display these items in red, which you can change in styles.css.

What are Validation Annotations?

Data annotations are attributes you can find in System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace. These attributes provide server-side validation, and the framework also supports client-side validation when you use one of the attributes on a model property. You can use four attributes in the DataAnnotations namespace to cover common validation scenarios,
Required, String Length, Regular Expression, Range.

What is Html.Partial?

The Partial helper renders a partial view into a string. Typically, a partial view contains reusable markup you want to render from inside multiple different views. Partial has four overloads:

public void Partial(string partialViewName); public void Partial(string partialViewName, object model); public void Partial(string partialViewName, ViewDataDictionary viewData); public void Partial(string partialViewName, object model, ViewDataDictionary viewData);

What is Html.RenderPartial?

The RenderPartial helper is similar to Partial, but RenderPartial writes directly to the response output stream instead of returning a string. For this reason, you must place RenderPartial inside a code block instead of a code expression. To illustrate, the following two lines of code render the same output to the output stream:
@{Html.RenderPartial("AlbumDisplay "); } @Html.Partial("AlbumDisplay ")

If they are the same, then which one to use?

In general, you should prefer Partial to RenderPartial because Partial is more convenient (you don’t have to wrap the call in a code block with curly braces). However, RenderPartial may result in better performance because it writes directly to the response stream, although it would require a lot of use (either high site traffic or repeated calls in a loop) before the difference would be noticeable.

How do you return a partial view from controller?

return PartialView(options); //options could be Model or View name

What are different ways of returning a View?

There are different ways for returning/rendering a view in MVC Razor. E.g. return View(), return RedirectToAction(), return Redirect() and return RedirectToRoute().
 

 

 


 
  

 

 

 

Tuesday 10 December 2013

DOTNET MVC 4 Basic Interview Questions and Answers for Developers

DOTNET MVC 4 Basic Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers and Experienced Developers

Below is the list of dotnet MVC 4 basic interview questions and answers. These MVC interview questions and answers are meant for freshers as well as for experienced developers. So, If you going for an interview on MVC, I suggest you to must give a look at following MVC interview questions. These MVC interview questions are based on basic introduction to MVC, why we need MVC, components of MVC, MVC namespaces, lifecycle of MVC application and a lot more. So lets have a look on following basic dotnet MVC interview questions and answers.

1. What is MVC?

MVC is a framework methodology that divides an application’s implementation into three component roles: models, views, and controllers.

Main components of an MVC application?

1. M - Model
2. V - View
3. C - Controller

“Models” in a MVC based application are the components of the application that are responsible for maintaining state. Often this state is persisted inside a database (for example: we might have a Product class that is used to represent order data from the Products table inside SQL).

“Views” in a MVC based application are the components responsible for displaying the application’s user interface. Typically this UI is created off of the model data (for example: we might create an Product “Edit” view that surfaces textboxes, dropdowns and checkboxes based on the current state of a Product object).

“Controllers” in a MVC based application are the components responsible for handling end user interaction, manipulating the model, and ultimately choosing a view to render to display UI. In a MVC application the view is only about displaying information – it is the controller that handles and responds to user input and interaction.

2- What does Model, View and Controller represent in an MVC application?

Model: Model represents the application data domain. In short the applications business logic is contained with in the model.

View: Views represent the user interface, with which the end users interact. In short the all the user interface logic is contained with in the UI.

Controller: Controller is the component that responds to user actions. Based on the user actions, the respective controller, work with the model, and selects a view to render that displays the user interface. The user input logic is contained with in the controller.

3- In which assembly is the MVC framework defined?

System.Web.Mvc
4- What is the greatest advantage of using asp.net mvc over asp.net webforms?

It is difficult to unit test UI with webforms, where views in mvc can be very easily unit tested.

5- Which approach provides better support for test driven development - ASP.NET MVC or ASP.NET Webforms?

ASP.NET MVC

6- What is Razor View Engine?

Razor view engine is a new view engine created with ASP.Net MVC model using specially designed Razor parser to render the HTML out of dynamic server side code. It allows us to write Compact, Expressive, Clean and Fluid code with new syntax to include server side code in to HTML.

7- What are the advantages of ASP.NET MVC?

Advantages of ASP.NET MVC:

1. Extensive support for TDD. With asp.net MVC, views can also be very easily unit tested.
2. Complex applications can be easily managed
3. Separation of concerns. Different aspects of the application can be divided into Model, View and Controller.
4. ASP.NET MVC views are light weight, as they don't use viewstate.

8- Is it possible to unit test an MVC application without running the controllers in an ASP.NET process?

Yes, all the features in an asp.net MVC application are interface based and hence mocking is much easier. So, we don't have to run the controllers in an ASP.NET process for unit testing.

9- What is namespace of ASP.NET MVC?

ASP.NET MVC namespaces and classes are located in the System.Web.Mvc assembly.

System.Web.Mvc namespace 

Contains classes and interfaces that support the MVC pattern for ASP.NET Web applications. This namespace includes classes that represent controllers, controller factories, action results, views, partial views, and model binders.

System.Web.Mvc.Ajax namespace 

Contains classes that support Ajax scripts in an ASP.NET MVC application. The namespace includes support for Ajax scripts and Ajax option settings.

System.Web.Mvc.Async namespace 

Contains classes and interfaces that support asynchronous actions in an ASP.NET MVC application.

System.Web.Mvc.Html namespace 

Contains classes that help render HTML controls in an MVC application. The namespace includes classes that support forms, input controls, links, partial views, and validation.

10- Is it possible to share a view across multiple controllers?

Yes, put the view into the shared folder. This will automatically make the view available across multiple controllers.

11- What is the role of a controller in an MVC application?

The controller responds to user interactions, with the application, by selecting the action method to execute and selecting the view to render.

12- Where are the routing rules defined in an asp.net MVC application?

In Application_Start event in Global.asax

13- Name a few different return types of a controller action method?

The following are just a few return types of a controller action method. In general an action method can return an instance of a any class that derives from ActionResult class.

1. ViewResult
2. JavaScriptResult
3. RedirectResult
4. ContentResult
5. JsonResult

14- What is the ‘page lifecycle’ of an ASP.NET MVC?

Following process are performed by ASP.Net MVC page:

1) App initialization
2) Routing
3) Instantiate and execute controller
4) Locate and invoke controller action
5) Instantiate and render view

15- What is the significance of NonActionAttribute?

In general, all public methods of a controller class are treated as action methods. If you want prevent this default behavior, just decorate the public method with NonActionAttribute.

16- What is the significance of ASP.NET routing?

ASP.NET MVC uses ASP.NET routing, to map incoming browser requests to controller action methods. ASP.NET Routing makes use of route table. Route table is created when your web application first starts. The route table is present in the Global.asax file.

17- How route table is created in ASP.NET MVC?

When an MVC application first starts, the Application_Start() method is called. This method, in turn, calls the RegisterRoutes() method. The RegisterRoutes() method creates the route table.

18- What are the 3 segments of the default route, that is present in an ASP.NET MVC application?

1st Segment - Controller Name
2nd Segment - Action Method Name
3rd Segment - Parameter that is passed to the action method

Example: http://google.com/search/label/MVC
Controller Name = search
Action Method Name = label
Parameter Id = MVC

19- ASP.NET MVC application, makes use of settings at 2 places for routing to work correctly. What are these 2 places?

1. Web.Config File : ASP.NET routing has to be enabled here.
2. Global.asax File : The Route table is created in the application Start event handler, of the Global.asax file.

20- What is the adavantage of using ASP.NET routing?

In an ASP.NET web application that does not make use of routing, an incoming browser request should map to a physical file. If the file does not exist, we get page not found error.

An ASP.NET web application that does make use of routing, makes use of URLs that do not have to map to specific files in a Web site. Because the URL does not have to map to a file, you can use URLs that are descriptive of the user's action and therefore are more easily understood by users.

21- What are the 3 things that are needed to specify a route?

1. URL Pattern - You can include placeholders in a URL pattern so that variable data can be passed to the request handler without requiring a query string.
2. Handler - The handler can be a physical file such as an .aspx file or a controller class.
3. Name for the Route - Name is optional.

22- Is the following route definition a valid route definition?

{controller}{action}/{id}
No, the above definition is not a valid route definition, because there is no literal value or delimiter between the placeholders. Therefore, routing cannot determine where to separate the value for the controller placeholder from the value for the action placeholder.

23- What is the use of the following default route?

{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}
This route definition, prevent requests for the Web resource files such as WebResource.axd or ScriptResource.axd from being passed to a controller.

24- What is the difference between adding routes, to a webforms application and to an mvc application?

To add routes to a webforms application, we use MapPageRoute() method of the RouteCollection class, where as to add routes to an MVC application we use MapRoute() method.

25- How do you handle variable number of segments in a route definition?

Use a route with a catch-all parameter. An example is shown below. * is referred to as catch-all parameter.
controller/{action}/{*parametervalues}

26- What are the 2 ways of adding constraints to a route?

1. Use regular expressions
2. Use an object that implements IRouteConstraint interface

27- Give 2 examples for scenarios when routing is not applied?

1. A Physical File is Found that Matches the URL Pattern - This default behaviour can be overriden by setting the RouteExistingFiles property of the RouteCollection object to true.
2. Routing Is Explicitly Disabled for a URL Pattern - Use the RouteCollection.Ignore() method to prevent routing from handling certain requests.

28- What is the use of action filters in an MVC application?

Action Filters allow us to add pre-action and post-action behavior to controller action methods.

29- If I have multiple filters implemented, what is the order in which these filters get executed?

1. Authorization filters
2. Action filters
3. Response filters
4. Exception filters

30- What are the different types of filters, in an asp.net mvc application?

1. Authorization filters
2. Action filters
3. Result filters
4. Exception filters

31- Give an example for Authorization filters in an asp.net mvc application?

1. RequireHttpsAttribute
2. AuthorizeAttribute

32- Which filter executes first in an asp.net mvc application?

Authorization filter

33- What are the levels at which filters can be applied in an asp.net mvc application?

1. Action Method
2. Controller
3. Application

34- Is it possible to create a custom filter?

Yes

35- What filters are executed in the end?

Exception Filters

36- Is it possible to cancel filter execution?

Yes

37- What type of filter does OutputCacheAttribute class represents?

Result Filter

38- What are the 2 popular asp.net mvc view engines?

1. Razor
2. .aspx

39- What is difference between Viewbag and Viewdata in ASP.NET MVC?

The basic difference between ViewData and ViewBag is that in ViewData instead creating dynamic properties we use properties of Model to transport the Model data in View and in ViewBag we can create dynamic properties without using Model data.

40- What symbol would you use to denote, the start of a code block in razor views?

@

41- What symbol would you use to denote, the start of a code block in aspx views?

<%= %>

In razor syntax, what is the escape sequence character for @ symbol?
The escape sequence character for @ symbol, is another @ symbol

42- When using razor views, do you have to take any special steps to protect your asp.net mvc application from cross site scripting (XSS) attacks?

No, by default content emitted using a @ block is automatically HTML encoded to protect from cross site scripting (XSS) attacks.

43- When using aspx view engine, to have a consistent look and feel, across all pages of the application, we can make use of asp.net master pages. What is asp.net master pages equivalent, when using razor views?

To have a consistent look and feel when using razor views, we can make use of layout pages. Layout pages, reside in the shared folder, and are named as _Layout.cshtml

44- What are sections?

Layout pages, can define sections, which can then be overriden by specific views making use of the layout. Defining and overriding sections is optional.

45- What are the file extensions for razor views?

1. .cshtml - If the programming lanugaue is C#
2. .vbhtml - If the programming lanugaue is VB

46- How do you specify comments using razor syntax?

Razor syntax makes use of @* to indicate the begining of a comment and *@ to indicate the end. 

47- What is Routing?

A route is a URL pattern that is mapped to a handler. The handler can be a physical file, such as an .aspx file in a Web Forms application. Routing module is responsible for mapping incoming browser requests to particular MVC controller actions.

48- Is it possible to combine ASP.NET webforms and ASP.MVC and develop a single web application?

Yes, it is possible to combine ASP.NET webforms and ASP.MVC and develop a single web application.

49. How do you avoid XSS Vulnerabilities in ASP.NET MVC?

Use the syntax in ASP.NET MVC instead of using .net framework 4.0.

ASP.NET MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1) On which of the operating system below ASP.NET can run?
            a)  Windows XP Professional
            b) Windows 2000 
            c) Both A) and B)-(ANS)       
            d) None of the Above
2) An organization has developed a web service in which the values of the forms are validated using ASP.NET application. Suppose this web service is got and used by a customer then in such a scenario which of the following is TRUE 
            a) Such a situation cannot happen at all  
            b) The customer must be having technology that run ASP.    
            c) The customer can run on any platform. (ANS)   
            d) None of the Above
3) Which of the following denote the web control associated with Table control function of ASP.NET? 
            a)  DataList
            b)  ListBox 
            c)  TableRow (ANS)  
            d)  All the Above
 4) ASP.NET separates the HTML output from program logic using a feature named as
              a) Exception
              b) Code-behind (ANS) 
              c) Code-front 
              d) None of the above
 5) If a developer of ASP.NET defines style information in a common location. Then that     location is called as  
             a) Master Page 
             b) Theme (ANS)
             c) Customization 
             d) None of the Above
6) In ASP.NET if you want to allows page developers a way to specify static connections in a content page then the class used is  
              a) WebPartManager  
              b) ProxyWebPartManager (ANS)
              c) System.Activator 
              d) None of the Above
 7) The feature in ASP.NET 2.0 that is used to fire a normal postback to a different page in the application is called 
              a) Theme
              b) Cross Page Posting (ANS)
              c) Code-front
              d) None of the above
8) In ASP.NET if one uses Windows authentication the current request attaches an object called as
               a) Serialization
               b) WindowsPrincipal (ANS)
               c)  WindowDatset    
               d) None of the Above
9) The GridView control in ASP.NET has which of the following features
               a) Automatic data binding 
               b) Automatic paging
               c) Both A) and B) (ANS) 
               d) None of the above
10) If one uses ASP.NET configuration system to restrict access which of the following is TRUE?
               a) The access is restricted only to ASP.NET files (ANS) 
               b)The access is restricted only to static files and non-ASP.NET resources.
               c) Both A) and B)
               d) None of the Above
11) Which of the following denote page code model in ASP.NET?
              a) single-file 
              b) code-behind 
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS) 
              d) None of the above
12) Which of the following denote New Data-bound Controls used with ASP.NET
               a) GridView
               b) FormView
               c) SqlDataSource 
               d) Both A) and B)
               e) All the Above (ANS)
13) A developer wanted to achieve graphics in his display using ASP.NET. Which of the following web controls are available in ASP.NET to achieve the above?
               a) Both A) and B) 
               b) LinkButton
               c) AdRotator (ANS)   
               d) None of the Above
14) Forms based authentication is otherwise called in ASP.NET as Cookie Authentication because Forms authentication uses cookies to allow applications to track users throughout their visit. 
              a) Windows Authentication
              b) Passport Authentication 
              c) Cookie Authentication (ANS)
              d) None of the Above
15) Which of the following is true about session in ASP.NET?
               a) Programmers has to take care of delete sessions after configurable timeout interval
               b) ASP.NET automatically delete sessions after configurable timeout interval (ANS)
               c) The default time interval is 5 minutes    
               d) None of the Above
16) In ASP.NET what does the following return
< %
Response.Write(System.Environment.WorkingSet.ToString())
% >
               a) None of the Above
                 b) Gives Error
              c) Return Null value
              d) Gives the memory working set (ANS)
17) In ASP.NET if one wants to maintain session then which of the following is used?
               a) In-process storage
               b) Microsoft SQL Server 
               c) Session State Service 
               d) All the Above (ANS)
18) I have an ASP.NET application. I have a page loaded from server memory. At this instance which of the following methods gets fired
               a) Unload( )
               b) Load()(ANS)
               c) PreRender( )
               d) None of the Above 
19) Give one word: What model does ASP.NET request processing is based on
               a) Bottom-up
               b) Top-down 
               c) Waterfall 
               d) Pipeline   
20) If in an ASP.NET application one want to create http handlers which of the interface is used
  
              a) None of the above
              b) pipeline 
              c) Handler
              d) IHttpHandlerFactory (ANS)
21) To set page title dynamically in ASP.NET which of the following is used?
               a) None of the above
               b) < sheet > section
 
               c) < tail > section
 
               d) < head > section (ANS)
22) In ASP.NET application the Global.asax file lie in which directory
               a) Application
               b) System 
               c) ROOT (ANS)
               d) None of the Above
23) Which of the following can be used to debug .NET application?
               a) Systems.Diagnostics classes
 
               b) Runtime Debugger
               c) Visual Studio .NET
 
               d) All the Above (ANS)
24) Which of the following is used to write error message in event Log File?
               a) System.Data
               b) System.EnterpriseServices
               c) System.Diagnostics (ANS)
 
               d) None of the Above
 25) Setting the following properties for object in ASP.NET results in Response.Buffer = True Response.ExpiresAbsolute = Now().Subtract(New TimeSpan(1, 0, 0, 0)) Response.Expires = 0 Response.CacheControl = "no-cache"
              a) Avoid page to be cached (ANS)
              b) Clears the buffer area
 
              c) The session expires
              d) None of the Above
 26) Which of the following denote value that can be taken by Cache-Control of ASP.NET? 
              a) Public
 
              b) Private
 
              c) no-cache
 
              d) All the Above (ANS)
27) In ASP.NET page framework an automatic way to associate page events and methods is
  
              a) AutoEventWireup attribute of the Page directive is set to true
              b) AutoEventWireup attribute of the Page directive is set to False
 
              c) It is not possible to set automatically page events and methods
 
              d) None of the Above
28) In ASP.NET if one wants to set the focus on a particular control
              a) Call SETFOCUS
              b) Call SETCONTROL
              c) Call FOCUS method (ANS)
  
              d) None of the above
 29) The control used in ASP.NET to display information from data set but with better formatting and editing behavior is
               a) Panel
               b) Button
 
               c) DataList (ANS)
  
               d) None of the Above
 30) Which of the following languages can be used to write server side scripting in ASP.NET?
               a) C# (ANS)
               b) C
 
               c) Visual Basic 
31) The Following are the minimum requirement to run Asp.net pages
  
              a) Java Virtual Machine
              b) Common Language Runtime (ANS)
 
              c) Windows explorer
32) When a .aspx page is requested from the web server, the out put will be rendered to browser in following format. 
               a) HTML (ANS)
  
               b) XML
 
               c) WML
    
33) What executable unit gets created when we build an ASP.Net application?
  
              a) . DLL (ANS)
  
              b) . EXE
              c) . COM
34) The best way to delimit ASP.Net code from HTML code in your pages is by using --------------- tags.
               a) < Body >
               b) < Head >
               c) < Script > (ANS)
35) The Asp.net server control, which provides an alternative way of displaying text on web page, is
 
              a) < asp:label > (ANS)
               b) < asp:listitem >
               c) < asp:button >
36) asp:dropdownlist> tag replaces which of the HTML tags
               a) < Option >
               b) < Select > (ANS)
               c) < List >
37) < asp : listitem > tag replaces which of the following HTML tags
               a) < Option > (ANS)
               b) < UL >
               c) < List >
38) The first event to be triggered in an aspx page is  
               a) Page_Load()
               b) Page_Init()(ANS)
 
               c) Page_click()
39) Postback occurs in which of the following forms
               a) Winforms
               b) HTMLForms
 
               c) Webforms (ANS)
40) what namespace does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
               a) System.web.UI.Page (ANS)
               b) System.Windows.Page
               c) System.Web.page
41) Which method do you invoke on the Data Adapter control to load your generated dataset
 
              a) Fill ( ) (ANS)
               b) ExecuteQuery ( )
 
              c) Read ( )
                                             
42) How many configuration files can an ASP.NET projects have?
               a) More Than One
               b) One (ANS)
 
               c) None
43) How do you register a user control?
               a) Add Tag prefix, Tag name
               b) Add Source, Tag prefix
               c) Add Src, Tagprefix, Tagname (ANS)
44) Which of the following is true ?
               a) User controls are displayed correctly in the Visual Studio .NET Designer
               b) Custom controls are displayed correctly in VS.Net Designer (ANS)
               c) User and Custom controls are displayed correctly in the Visual Studio .NET Designer
45) Can a dll run as stand alone application ?
  
              a) No (ANS)
               b) Yes
 
               c) Sometimes we can make it by introducing some code
46) To add a custom control to a Web form we have to register with 
  
              a) TagPrefix
              b) Name space of the dll that is referenced
 
              c) Assemblyname
 
              d) All of the above (ANS)
47) Custom Controls are derived from which of the classes
  
              a) System.Web.UI.Customcontrols.Webcontrol
 
              b) System.Web.UI.Customcontrol
 
              c) System.Web.UI.Webcontrol (ANS)
48) A web application running on multiple servers is called as 
               a) Webfarm (ANS)
 
               b) WebForm
               c) Website
49) What is the transport protocol used to call a webservice
 
              a) HTTP
              b) SOAP (ANS)
 
              c) TCP
 
              d) SMTP
50) How ASP.Net Different from ASP
               a) Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is interpreted seperately
               b) Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is compiled as a DLL, the DLLs can be executed on server (ANS)
  
              c) Code is separated from the HTML and interpreted Code is interpreted separately
51) What’s the difference between Response.Write() andResponse.Output.Write()?
               a) Response.Output.Write() allows you to flush output
 
               b) Response.Output.Write() allows you to buffer output
              c) Response.Output.Write() allows you to write formatted output (ANS)
              d) Response.Output.Write() allows you to stream output
52) Why is Global.asax is used 
               a) Implement application and session level events (ANS)
               b) Declare Global variables
 
               c) No use
53) There can be more than 1 machine.config file in a system
               a) True (ANS)
               b) False
54) What is the extension of a web user control file ?
               a) .Asmx
               b) . Ascx (ANS)
               c) .Aspx
55) What is the default session out time
               a) 20 Sec
               b) 20 Min (ANS)
 
               c) 1 hr
56) Which of the following is true ?
               a) IsPostBack is a method of System.UI.Web.Page class
 
               b) IsPostBack is a method of System.Web.UI.Page class
 
              c) IsPostBack is a readonly property of System.Web.UI.Page class (ANS)
57) It is possible to set Maximum length for a text box through code
 
              a) True (ANS)
              b) False
58) The number of forms that can be added to a aspx page is
 
              a) 2
              b) 3
 
              c) 1 (ANS)
              d) More than 3 
59) How do you manage states in asp.net application
               a) Session Objects
               b) application Objects
               c) Viewstate
               d) Cookies
               e) All of the above (ANS)
60) The interface used by ASP.Net to create Unique Id’s?
               a) AppDomainsetup
 
               b) System.UI.Naming.Container (ANS)
               c) IAsyncResult
               d) customFormatter
61) Which property of the session object is used to set the local identifier ?
               a) SessionId
 
              b) LCID (ANS)
              c) Item
 
              d) Key
62) Select the caching type supported by ASP.Net
               a) Output Caching
               b) DataCaching
               c) Both a & b (ANS)           
               d) None of the above
63) Where is the default Session data is stored in ASP.Net
               a) InProcess (ANS)
               b) StateServer 
               c) SQL Server
    d) All of the above
 64) How do you disable client side validation ?
               a) Set the language property to C#
               b) Set the Runat property to server
               c) Set the ClientTarget property to Downlevel (ANS)
               d) Set the inherits property to codeb
 65) Select the validation control used for “PatternMatching”
a)    FieldValidator
              b) RegularExpressionValidator (ANS)
              c) RangeValidator 
              d) PatternValidator
  66) How do you trace the application_End event on runtime?
 
              a) By Debugging
              b) By Tracing 
              c) Can not be done (ANS)
67) Who can access Session state variables
               a) All Users of an application
               b) A Single session (ANS)
 
              c) All users within a single tunnel
68) Select the type Processing model that asp.net simulate
              a) Event-driven (ANS)
              b) Static
              c) Linear
 
              d) TopDown
69) Does the “EnableViewState” allows the page to save the users input on a form
 
              a) Yes (ANS)
               b) No
70) Web Controls Supports CSS
               a) True (ANS)
               b) False
71) Session Object classes are defined in which of the following namespace?
               a) System.Web.UI
               b) System.Web.SessionState
               c) System.Web
72) Which DLL translate XML to SQL in IIS
               a) SQLISAPI.dll (ANS)
               b) SQLXML.dll
               c) LISXML.dll
               d) SQLIIS.dll
73) What is the default authentication mode for IIS
               a) Windows
               b) Anonymous (ANS)
 
               c) Basic Authentication
               d) None
74) Which of the following is not a valid state management tool?
              a) Querystate (ANS)
              b) Hidden Form Field
              c) Application State
              d) Cookies
75) What is the maximum number of cookies that can be allowed to a web site
               a) 1
b) 10
               c) 20
   
               d) 30
 
               e) More than 30
76) Select the control which does not have any visible interface
               a) Datalist
 
               b) DropdownList
 
               c) Repeater (ANS)
   
               d) Datagrid
77) How do you explicitly kill a user’s session ?
               a) Session.Close ( )
               b) Session.Discard ( )
 
              c) Session.Abandon (ANS)
 
              d) Session.End
78) Why do we use XMLSerializer class
               a) Remoting
 
               b) WebServices (ANS)
  
               c) Xml documentary Files
79) What does Response.End will do?
a)      It will stop the server process (ANS)
              b) It will stop the client process
              c) None of the above
80) Which control supports paging
               a) Repeater
 
               b) Datagrid (ANS)
  
               c) Both
 
               d) None
 81) Where do you store the information about the user locale
               a) System.user
 
               b) System.web
 
               c) System.Drawing
               d) System.Web.UI.Page.Culture (ANS)
  82) What is the purpose of code behind ?
 
              a) To separate different sections of a page in to different files
              b) To merge HTML layout and code in to One file
 
              c) To separate HTML Layout and code to different file (ANS)
              d) To ignore HTML usage
83) What is a satallite assembly ?
               a) Any DLL file used by an EXE file.
 
               b) An Assembly containing localized resources for another assembly (ANS)
 
               c) None of the above
 84) Which of the following is not a member of Response Object?
 
              a) Clear
              b) Write
              c) Execute (ANS)
              d) Flush
85) Which of the following is not a member of ADODBCommand object
 
              a) ExecuteReader 
              b) ExecuteScalar
              c) ExecuteStream 
              d) Open (ANS) 
              e) CommandText
86) Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?
               a) Load
               b) Fill (ANS)
 
               c) GetAll
 
               d) None
87) How to open more than one datareader at a time
 
              a) Use different datareader variable
 
              b) Use different datareader and connection variable (ANS)
 
              c) Can not be done
88) What is the advantage of Disconnected mode of ADO.Net in ASP.Net
              a) Automatically dump data at client PC
              b) Not necessary to connect with server
              c) user data can update and retrieve in dataset and when connection connected, update values with server (ANS)
              d) All of the above
89) Which objects is used to create foreign key between tables?
              a) DataRelation (ANS)
              b) DataRelationship
              c) DataConstraint
              d) Datakey
90) Which one of the following namespaces contains the definition for IdbConnection
              a) System.Data.Interfaces
              b) System.Data.Common
              c) System.Data (ANS)
              d) System.Data.Connection
91) Select the Interface which provides Fast, connected forward-only access to data
              a) IdataRecord
              b) Idatabase
              c) IdataReader (ANS)
              d) Irecorder
92) How do we Delete, Update, Select data in a Dataset
              a) Using SQLDataAdapter (ANS)
              b) Using SQLDataReader
              c) Using SQLCommand
              d) None
93) Which of the following is not a member of ConnectionObject
              a) Execute (ANS)
              b) EndTransaction
              c) BeginTransaction
              d) Open
94) Is it Possible to Serialize HashTable with XMLSerializer
              a) Yes (ANS)
              b) No
95) What is the Full Form of WSDL
              a) Web System Description Language
              b) Web Services Detail Language
              c) Web Service Description Language (ANS)
              d) None
96) What is the difference between Server.Transfer & Response.Redirect
              a) No Difference
b)      Server.Transfer needs a roundtrip, Response.Redirect does not
              c) Response.Redirect needs roundtrip, Server.Transfer does not (ANS)
              d) Server.Transfer can transfer user between 2 applicaions
97) Which Language can Support SOAP
              a) VB
              b) JAVA
              c) COBOL
              d) All of the above (ANS)
98) What is the size of the session ID
              a) 32 bit long string
 
              b) 32 bit long double
 
              c) 32 bit long character
              d) 32 bit long integer (ANS)
99) Which of the following extension does a webservice file will have
               a) .Asmx (ANS)
               b) .Aspx
               c) .Ascx
               d) .Resx
100) What is a strong name?
               a) Public Key
               b) Private Key
               c) Combination Of both Public,Private key and digital signature (ANS)
101) What is the purpose of Reflection?
               a) For Reading metadata at runtime (ANS)
               b) For knowing version of assembly
 
               c) For finding path of an assembly
102) Is it possible edit data in a repeater control
               a) No (ANS)
               b) Yes
103) Why is Global.asax is used for ?
              a) To implement application & Session level events (ANS)
              b) To store configuration information
              c) To store styling information
              d) None of the above
104) What is a diffgram ?
              a) The one which renders the dataset object contents to XML (ANS)
              b) Finds the difference in two objects
              c) Finds the difference in two files
              d) None of the above
105) What is the lifespan for items stored in viewstate
             a) Exists for the Life of the current page (ANS)
             b) 20 mins
             c) 2 mins
             d) 2 sec
106) What data types do a Rangevalidator supports
              a) Integer
              b) String
              c) Date
              d) All of the above (ANS)
107) Select the output of the statement < form method=post action=”test.aspx” > 
              a) Transfers all the form data to test.aspx with HTTP headers (ANS)
              b) Transfers all the form data to test.aspx with out HTTP headers
              c) Calls post method on test.aspx
              d) None of the above
108) What is the out put of the following code byte a=200; byte b=100; byte c=a+b; Response.Write ( C );
              a) Run time Error
              b) Compile Time error (ANS)
              c) 300
              d) Just prints “C”
109) What is the out put of Following code String a=”Hello”; String b=”World” String c= a+b Response.Write ( “C “);
              a) Hello world
              b) C (ANS)
              c) A+b
              d) None of the above
110) Whats the significance of Request.MapPath( )
a)      Maps the specified virtual path to a physical path (ANS)
              b) Maps the specified absolute path to virtual path
              c) None
 111) Which of the following are not a member of Server Object
              a) Execute
              b) Transfer
              c) Open (ANS)
              d) HTMLDecode
  112) What is the significance of Server .MapPath
               a) Returns the physical file path that corresponds to virtual specified path (ANS)
               b) Returns the Virtual Path of the web folder
               c) Maps the specified virtual path to Physical path
               d) None
113) What is the Server.MachineName does
               a) Gets the Server’s Machine Name (ANS)
               b) Gets the Referred Web site name on the server
               c) Gets the Client Machine Name
               d) None
114)Whats is the significance of Response.ClearHeaders( )
 
              a) Clears all Headers from the buffer stream (ANS)
 
              b) Clears all the section value from rendered HTML File
              c) Clears the content of the Rendered page
              d) None of the above
115) What is the significance of Response.AddHeaders( )
               a) Adds HTTP Headers to output stream (ANS) 
               b) Adds Tag to rendered Page
               c) Add Headers to the web site
116) What is the difference between HTTP handlers & HTTP modules
               a) Httphandler is an class and Httpmodule is an assembly (ANS)
               b) Httphandler is an event handler and httpmodule is module to do some task
               c) Both of the above
               d) None of the above
117) Which namespace allows us to formauthentication ?
 
              a) System.Web.Ui.Forms.Security
 
              b) System.Web.Security
              c) System.Web.Configuration
c)      System.Web.Services
118) Which method displays the custom control
               a) The Prerender
 
               b) Render (ANS)
               c) Page_Load
               d) Display
119) When is the user controls code is executed
               a) After the webform loads (ANS)
               b) After the page_init event of webform
 
               c) Before Page_init event of web form
120) Client Sertificate is a collection of
                       
              a) Server
              b) Response
 
              c) Collection
 
              d) Request (ANS)
121) What section of the config.Web file is used for storing a list of authorized users?
               a) authorization (ANS)
               b) authentication
               c) securityPolicy
 
              d) None
122) How do you add ASP.Net 3rd party component
 
              a) By add/Remove items in the project menu
              b) Add reference of dll file and place the code where ever required (ANS)
              c) Cannot add 3rd party component to asp.net
123) The .NET Framework provides a runtime environment called
               a) RMT
 
               b) CLR (ANS)
               c) RCT
               d) RC
124) In ASP.NET in form page the object which contains the user name is
              a) Page.User.Identity (ANS)
              b) Page.User.IsInRole
 
              c) Page.User.Name
 
              d) None of the Above
125) Find the term: The .NET framework which provides automatic memory management using a technique called
               a) Serialization
 
               b) Garbage Collection (ANS)
  
               c) Assemblies
               d) Overriding
126) Which of the following denote ways to manage state in an ASP.Net Application?
 
              a) Session objects
b)      Application objects
              c) ViewState
 
              d) All the Above (ANS)
127) What is the base class from which all Web forms inherit?
               a) Master Page
 
               b) Page Class (ANS)
               c) Session Class
               d) None of the Above
128) WSDL stands for
               a) Web Server Description Language
               b) Web Server Descriptor Language
               c) Web Services Description Language (ANS)
 
               d) Web Services Descriptor Language
129) Which of the following must be done in order to connect data from some data resource to Repeater control?  
              a) Set the DataSource property
 
              b) Call the DataBind method
 
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS)
 
              d) None of the Above
130) Which of the following is FALSE?  
              a) ASP.NET applications run without a Web Server
 
              b) ASP+ and ASP.NET refer to the same thing
              c) ASP.NET is a major upgrade over ASP
 
              d) None of the Above (ANS)
 131) Which of the following transfer execution directly to another page?  
              a) Server.Transfer (ANS)
              b) Response.Redirect
 
              c) Both A) and B)
 
              d) None of the Above
132) If one has two different web form controls in a application and if one wanted to know whether the values in the above two different web form control match what control must be used?
 
              a) DataList
 
              b) GridView
              c) CompareValidator (ANS)
 
              d) Listview
133) Which of the following is used to send email message from my ASP.NET page?  
              a) System.Web.Mail.MailMessage 
              b) System.Web.Mail.SmtpMail
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS)  
              d) None of the Above
134) In my .NET Framework I have threads. Which of the following denote the possible priority level for the threads?  
              a) Normal
              b) AboveNormal
 
              c) Highest
 
              d) All the Above (ANS)
135) GIVE ONE WORD: In .NET the operation of reading metadata and using its contents is known as  
              a) Reflection (ANS)
              b) Enumeration
              c) Binding
 
              d) Serialization
136) In ASP.NET the < authorization > section contain which of the following elements  
              a) Both A) and B) (ANS)
              b) < deny >
              c) < allow >
              d) None of the Above
137) Suppose one wants to modify a SOAP message in a SOAP extension then how this can be achieved. Choose the correct option from below:  
               a) One must override the method ReceiveMessage (ANS)
               b) One must override the method InitializeMethod
               c) Both A) and B)
               d) One must override the method ProcessMessage
138) Which of the following can be used to add alternating color scheme in a Repeater control?  
              a) AlternatingItemTemplate (ANS)
              b) DataSource
 
              c) ColorValidator
              d) None of the Above
139) Suppose a .NET programmer wants to convert an object into a stream of bytes then the process is called  
              a) Serialization (ANS)
              b) Threading
 
              c) RCW
 
              d) AppDomain
140) The technique that allow code to make function calls to .NET applications on other processes and on other machines is  
              a) .NET Threading
              b) .NET Remoting (ANS)
 
              c) .NET RMT
 
              d) None of the above
141) The namespace within the Microsoft .NET framework which provides the functionality to implement transaction processing is  
              a) System.EnterpriseServices (ANS)
              b) System.Security
 
              c) System.Diagnostics
 
              d) System.Data
142) Which of the following method is used to obtain details about information types of assembly?  
              a) GetTypes
              b) GetType
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS)
 
              d) None of the Above
143) In ASP.NET the sessions can be dumped by using  
               a) Session.Dump 
               b) Session.Abandon (ANS)   
               c) Session.Exit
               d) None of the Above
144) Which of the following is TRUE about Windows Authentication in ASP.NET?  
              a) Automatically determines role membership (ANS)      
              b) Role membership determined only by user programming 
              c) ASP.NET does not support Windows Authentication
                d) None of the Above
145) Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?)  
              a) Load ( )
              b) Fill( ) (ANS) 
              c) DataList
              d) DataBind
146) What tags one need to add within the asp:datagrid tags to bind columns manually?  
              a) Set AutoGenerateColumns Property to false on the datagrid tag (ANS)
              b) Set AutoGenerateColumns Property to true on the datagrid tag
 
              c) It is not possible to do the operation
 
              d) Set AutomaunalColumns Property to true on the datagrid tag
147) How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain?
              a) One
              b) Two 
              c) None 
              d) Many (ANS)
 148) Which of the following denote the property in every validation control?  
              a) ControlToValidate property 
              b) Text property 
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS) 
              d) None of the Above
  149) Which of the following allow writing formatted output?   
              a) Response.Write()
              b) Response.Output.Write()(ANS) 
              c) Both A) and B)
              d) None of the Above
 150) The actual work process of ASP.NET is taken care by  
               a) inetinfo.exe 
              b) aspnet_isapi.dll  
              c) aspnet_wp.exe (ANS)
              d) None of the Above
151) The type of code found in Code-Behind class is  
              a) Server-side code (ANS)
              b) Client-side code
              c) Both A) and B) 
              d) None of the above
 152) Give One word: Common type system is built into which of the following:  
  
              a) CLR (ANS)
              b) RCT 
              c) RCW 
              d) GAC


ASP.NET QUESTIONS
1) On which of the operating system below ASP.NET can run?
            a)  Windows XP Professional
            b) Windows 2000 
            c) Both A) and B)-(ANS)       
            d) None of the Above
2) An organization has developed a web service in which the values of the forms are validated using ASP.NET application. Suppose this web service is got and used by a customer then in such a scenario which of the following is TRUE 
            a) Such a situation cannot happen at all  
            b) The customer must be having technology that run ASP.    
            c) The customer can run on any platform. (ANS)   
            d) None of the Above
3) Which of the following denote the web control associated with Table control function of ASP.NET? 
            a)  DataList
            b)  ListBox 
            c)  TableRow (ANS)  
            d)  All the Above
 4) ASP.NET separates the HTML output from program logic using a feature named as
              a) Exception
              b) Code-behind (ANS) 
              c) Code-front 
              d) None of the above
 5) If a developer of ASP.NET defines style information in a common location. Then that     location is called as  
             a) Master Page 
             b) Theme (ANS)
             c) Customization 
             d) None of the Above
6) In ASP.NET if you want to allows page developers a way to specify static connections in a content page then the class used is  
              a) WebPartManager  
              b) ProxyWebPartManager (ANS)
              c) System.Activator 
              d) None of the Above
 7) The feature in ASP.NET 2.0 that is used to fire a normal postback to a different page in the application is called 
              a) Theme
              b) Cross Page Posting (ANS)
              c) Code-front
              d) None of the above
8) In ASP.NET if one uses Windows authentication the current request attaches an object called as
               a) Serialization
               b) WindowsPrincipal (ANS)
               c)  WindowDatset    
               d) None of the Above
9) The GridView control in ASP.NET has which of the following features
               a) Automatic data binding 
               b) Automatic paging
               c) Both A) and B) (ANS) 
               d) None of the above
10) If one uses ASP.NET configuration system to restrict access which of the following is TRUE?
               a) The access is restricted only to ASP.NET files (ANS) 
               b)The access is restricted only to static files and non-ASP.NET resources.
               c) Both A) and B)
               d) None of the Above
11) Which of the following denote page code model in ASP.NET?
              a) single-file 
              b) code-behind 
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS) 
              d) None of the above
12) Which of the following denote New Data-bound Controls used with ASP.NET
               a) GridView
               b) FormView
               c) SqlDataSource 
               d) Both A) and B)
               e) All the Above (ANS)
13) A developer wanted to achieve graphics in his display using ASP.NET. Which of the following web controls are available in ASP.NET to achieve the above?
               a) Both A) and B) 
               b) LinkButton
               c) AdRotator (ANS)   
               d) None of the Above
14) Forms based authentication is otherwise called in ASP.NET as Cookie Authentication because Forms authentication uses cookies to allow applications to track users throughout their visit. 
              a) Windows Authentication
              b) Passport Authentication 
              c) Cookie Authentication (ANS)
              d) None of the Above
15) Which of the following is true about session in ASP.NET?
               a) Programmers has to take care of delete sessions after configurable timeout interval
               b) ASP.NET automatically delete sessions after configurable timeout interval (ANS)
               c) The default time interval is 5 minutes    
               d) None of the Above
16) In ASP.NET what does the following return
< %
Response.Write(System.Environment.WorkingSet.ToString())
% >
               a) None of the Above
                 b) Gives Error
              c) Return Null value
              d) Gives the memory working set (ANS)
17) In ASP.NET if one wants to maintain session then which of the following is used?
               a) In-process storage
               b) Microsoft SQL Server 
               c) Session State Service 
               d) All the Above (ANS)
18) I have an ASP.NET application. I have a page loaded from server memory. At this instance which of the following methods gets fired
               a) Unload( )
               b) Load()(ANS)
               c) PreRender( )
               d) None of the Above 
19) Give one word: What model does ASP.NET request processing is based on
               a) Bottom-up
               b) Top-down 
               c) Waterfall 
               d) Pipeline   
20) If in an ASP.NET application one want to create http handlers which of the interface is used
  
              a) None of the above
              b) pipeline 
              c) Handler
              d) IHttpHandlerFactory (ANS)
21) To set page title dynamically in ASP.NET which of the following is used?
               a) None of the above
               b) < sheet > section
 
               c) < tail > section
 
               d) < head > section (ANS)
22) In ASP.NET application the Global.asax file lie in which directory
               a) Application
               b) System 
               c) ROOT (ANS)
               d) None of the Above
23) Which of the following can be used to debug .NET application?
               a) Systems.Diagnostics classes
 
               b) Runtime Debugger
               c) Visual Studio .NET
 
               d) All the Above (ANS)
24) Which of the following is used to write error message in event Log File?
               a) System.Data
               b) System.EnterpriseServices
               c) System.Diagnostics (ANS)
 
               d) None of the Above
 25) Setting the following properties for object in ASP.NET results in Response.Buffer = True Response.ExpiresAbsolute = Now().Subtract(New TimeSpan(1, 0, 0, 0)) Response.Expires = 0 Response.CacheControl = "no-cache"
              a) Avoid page to be cached (ANS)
              b) Clears the buffer area
 
              c) The session expires
              d) None of the Above
 26) Which of the following denote value that can be taken by Cache-Control of ASP.NET? 
              a) Public
 
              b) Private
 
              c) no-cache
 
              d) All the Above (ANS)
27) In ASP.NET page framework an automatic way to associate page events and methods is
  
              a) AutoEventWireup attribute of the Page directive is set to true
              b) AutoEventWireup attribute of the Page directive is set to False
 
              c) It is not possible to set automatically page events and methods
 
              d) None of the Above
28) In ASP.NET if one wants to set the focus on a particular control
              a) Call SETFOCUS
              b) Call SETCONTROL
              c) Call FOCUS method (ANS)
  
              d) None of the above
 29) The control used in ASP.NET to display information from data set but with better formatting and editing behavior is
               a) Panel
               b) Button
 
               c) DataList (ANS)
  
               d) None of the Above
 30) Which of the following languages can be used to write server side scripting in ASP.NET?
               a) C# (ANS)
               b) C
 
               c) Visual Basic 
31) The Following are the minimum requirement to run Asp.net pages
  
              a) Java Virtual Machine
              b) Common Language Runtime (ANS)
 
              c) Windows explorer
32) When a .aspx page is requested from the web server, the out put will be rendered to browser in following format. 
               a) HTML (ANS)
  
               b) XML
 
               c) WML
    
33) What executable unit gets created when we build an ASP.Net application?
  
              a) . DLL (ANS)
  
              b) . EXE
              c) . COM
34) The best way to delimit ASP.Net code from HTML code in your pages is by using --------------- tags.
               a) < Body >
               b) < Head >
               c) < Script > (ANS)
35) The Asp.net server control, which provides an alternative way of displaying text on web page, is
 
              a) < asp:label > (ANS)
               b) < asp:listitem >
               c) < asp:button >
36) asp:dropdownlist> tag replaces which of the HTML tags
               a) < Option >
               b) < Select > (ANS)
               c) < List >
37) < asp : listitem > tag replaces which of the following HTML tags
               a) < Option > (ANS)
               b) < UL >
               c) < List >
38) The first event to be triggered in an aspx page is  
               a) Page_Load()
               b) Page_Init()(ANS)
 
               c) Page_click()
39) Postback occurs in which of the following forms
               a) Winforms
               b) HTMLForms
 
               c) Webforms (ANS)
40) what namespace does the Web page belong in the .NET Framework class hierarchy?
               a) System.web.UI.Page (ANS)
               b) System.Windows.Page
               c) System.Web.page
41) Which method do you invoke on the Data Adapter control to load your generated dataset
 
              a) Fill ( ) (ANS)
               b) ExecuteQuery ( )
 
              c) Read ( )
                                             
42) How many configuration files can an ASP.NET projects have?
               a) More Than One
               b) One (ANS)
 
               c) None
43) How do you register a user control?
               a) Add Tag prefix, Tag name
               b) Add Source, Tag prefix
               c) Add Src, Tagprefix, Tagname (ANS)
44) Which of the following is true ?
               a) User controls are displayed correctly in the Visual Studio .NET Designer
               b) Custom controls are displayed correctly in VS.Net Designer (ANS)
               c) User and Custom controls are displayed correctly in the Visual Studio .NET Designer
45) Can a dll run as stand alone application ?
  
              a) No (ANS)
               b) Yes
 
               c) Sometimes we can make it by introducing some code
46) To add a custom control to a Web form we have to register with 
  
              a) TagPrefix
              b) Name space of the dll that is referenced
 
              c) Assemblyname
 
              d) All of the above (ANS)
47) Custom Controls are derived from which of the classes
  
              a) System.Web.UI.Customcontrols.Webcontrol
 
              b) System.Web.UI.Customcontrol
 
              c) System.Web.UI.Webcontrol (ANS)
48) A web application running on multiple servers is called as 
               a) Webfarm (ANS)
 
               b) WebForm
               c) Website
49) What is the transport protocol used to call a webservice
 
              a) HTTP
              b) SOAP (ANS)
 
              c) TCP
 
              d) SMTP
50) How ASP.Net Different from ASP
               a) Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is interpreted seperately
               b) Scripting is separated from the HTML, Code is compiled as a DLL, the DLLs can be executed on server (ANS)
  
              c) Code is separated from the HTML and interpreted Code is interpreted separately
51) What’s the difference between Response.Write() andResponse.Output.Write()?
               a) Response.Output.Write() allows you to flush output
 
               b) Response.Output.Write() allows you to buffer output
              c) Response.Output.Write() allows you to write formatted output (ANS)
              d) Response.Output.Write() allows you to stream output
52) Why is Global.asax is used 
               a) Implement application and session level events (ANS)
               b) Declare Global variables
 
               c) No use
53) There can be more than 1 machine.config file in a system
               a) True (ANS)
               b) False
54) What is the extension of a web user control file ?
               a) .Asmx
               b) . Ascx (ANS)
               c) .Aspx
55) What is the default session out time
               a) 20 Sec
               b) 20 Min (ANS)
 
               c) 1 hr
56) Which of the following is true ?
               a) IsPostBack is a method of System.UI.Web.Page class
 
               b) IsPostBack is a method of System.Web.UI.Page class
 
              c) IsPostBack is a readonly property of System.Web.UI.Page class (ANS)
57) It is possible to set Maximum length for a text box through code
 
              a) True (ANS)
              b) False
58) The number of forms that can be added to a aspx page is
 
              a) 2
              b) 3
 
              c) 1 (ANS)
              d) More than 3 
59) How do you manage states in asp.net application
               a) Session Objects
               b) application Objects
               c) Viewstate
               d) Cookies
               e) All of the above (ANS)
60) The interface used by ASP.Net to create Unique Id’s?
               a) AppDomainsetup
 
               b) System.UI.Naming.Container (ANS)
               c) IAsyncResult
               d) customFormatter
61) Which property of the session object is used to set the local identifier ?
               a) SessionId
 
              b) LCID (ANS)
              c) Item
 
              d) Key
62) Select the caching type supported by ASP.Net
               a) Output Caching
               b) DataCaching
               c) Both a & b (ANS)           
               d) None of the above
63) Where is the default Session data is stored in ASP.Net
               a) InProcess (ANS)
               b) StateServer 
               c) SQL Server
    d) All of the above
 64) How do you disable client side validation ?
               a) Set the language property to C#
               b) Set the Runat property to server
               c) Set the ClientTarget property to Downlevel (ANS)
               d) Set the inherits property to codeb
 65) Select the validation control used for “PatternMatching”
a)    FieldValidator
              b) RegularExpressionValidator (ANS)
              c) RangeValidator 
              d) PatternValidator
  66) How do you trace the application_End event on runtime?
 
              a) By Debugging
              b) By Tracing 
              c) Can not be done (ANS)
67) Who can access Session state variables
               a) All Users of an application
               b) A Single session (ANS)
 
              c) All users within a single tunnel
68) Select the type Processing model that asp.net simulate
              a) Event-driven (ANS)
              b) Static
              c) Linear
 
              d) TopDown
69) Does the “EnableViewState” allows the page to save the users input on a form
 
              a) Yes (ANS)
               b) No
70) Web Controls Supports CSS
               a) True (ANS)
               b) False
71) Session Object classes are defined in which of the following namespace?
               a) System.Web.UI
               b) System.Web.SessionState
               c) System.Web
72) Which DLL translate XML to SQL in IIS
               a) SQLISAPI.dll (ANS)
               b) SQLXML.dll
               c) LISXML.dll
               d) SQLIIS.dll
73) What is the default authentication mode for IIS
               a) Windows
               b) Anonymous (ANS)
 
               c) Basic Authentication
               d) None
74) Which of the following is not a valid state management tool?
              a) Querystate (ANS)
              b) Hidden Form Field
              c) Application State
              d) Cookies
75) What is the maximum number of cookies that can be allowed to a web site
               a) 1
b) 10
               c) 20
   
               d) 30
 
               e) More than 30
76) Select the control which does not have any visible interface
               a) Datalist
 
               b) DropdownList
 
               c) Repeater (ANS)
   
               d) Datagrid
77) How do you explicitly kill a user’s session ?
               a) Session.Close ( )
               b) Session.Discard ( )
 
              c) Session.Abandon (ANS)
 
              d) Session.End
78) Why do we use XMLSerializer class
               a) Remoting
 
               b) WebServices (ANS)
  
               c) Xml documentary Files
79) What does Response.End will do?
a)      It will stop the server process (ANS)
              b) It will stop the client process
              c) None of the above
80) Which control supports paging
               a) Repeater
 
               b) Datagrid (ANS)
  
               c) Both
 
               d) None
 81) Where do you store the information about the user locale
               a) System.user
 
               b) System.web
 
               c) System.Drawing
               d) System.Web.UI.Page.Culture (ANS)
  82) What is the purpose of code behind ?
 
              a) To separate different sections of a page in to different files
              b) To merge HTML layout and code in to One file
 
              c) To separate HTML Layout and code to different file (ANS)
              d) To ignore HTML usage
83) What is a satallite assembly ?
               a) Any DLL file used by an EXE file.
 
               b) An Assembly containing localized resources for another assembly (ANS)
 
               c) None of the above
 84) Which of the following is not a member of Response Object?
 
              a) Clear
              b) Write
              c) Execute (ANS)
              d) Flush
85) Which of the following is not a member of ADODBCommand object
 
              a) ExecuteReader 
              b) ExecuteScalar
              c) ExecuteStream 
              d) Open (ANS) 
              e) CommandText
86) Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?
               a) Load
               b) Fill (ANS)
 
               c) GetAll
 
               d) None
87) How to open more than one datareader at a time
 
              a) Use different datareader variable
 
              b) Use different datareader and connection variable (ANS)
 
              c) Can not be done
88) What is the advantage of Disconnected mode of ADO.Net in ASP.Net
              a) Automatically dump data at client PC
              b) Not necessary to connect with server
              c) user data can update and retrieve in dataset and when connection connected, update values with server (ANS)
              d) All of the above
89) Which objects is used to create foreign key between tables?
              a) DataRelation (ANS)
              b) DataRelationship
              c) DataConstraint
              d) Datakey
90) Which one of the following namespaces contains the definition for IdbConnection
              a) System.Data.Interfaces
              b) System.Data.Common
              c) System.Data (ANS)
              d) System.Data.Connection
91) Select the Interface which provides Fast, connected forward-only access to data
              a) IdataRecord
              b) Idatabase
              c) IdataReader (ANS)
              d) Irecorder
92) How do we Delete, Update, Select data in a Dataset
              a) Using SQLDataAdapter (ANS)
              b) Using SQLDataReader
              c) Using SQLCommand
              d) None
93) Which of the following is not a member of ConnectionObject
              a) Execute (ANS)
              b) EndTransaction
              c) BeginTransaction
              d) Open
94) Is it Possible to Serialize HashTable with XMLSerializer
              a) Yes (ANS)
              b) No
95) What is the Full Form of WSDL
              a) Web System Description Language
              b) Web Services Detail Language
              c) Web Service Description Language (ANS)
              d) None
96) What is the difference between Server.Transfer & Response.Redirect
              a) No Difference
b)      Server.Transfer needs a roundtrip, Response.Redirect does not
              c) Response.Redirect needs roundtrip, Server.Transfer does not (ANS)
              d) Server.Transfer can transfer user between 2 applicaions
97) Which Language can Support SOAP
              a) VB
              b) JAVA
              c) COBOL
              d) All of the above (ANS)
98) What is the size of the session ID
              a) 32 bit long string
 
              b) 32 bit long double
 
              c) 32 bit long character
              d) 32 bit long integer (ANS)
99) Which of the following extension does a webservice file will have
               a) .Asmx (ANS)
               b) .Aspx
               c) .Ascx
               d) .Resx
100) What is a strong name?
               a) Public Key
               b) Private Key
               c) Combination Of both Public,Private key and digital signature (ANS)
101) What is the purpose of Reflection?
               a) For Reading metadata at runtime (ANS)
               b) For knowing version of assembly
 
               c) For finding path of an assembly
102) Is it possible edit data in a repeater control
               a) No (ANS)
               b) Yes
103) Why is Global.asax is used for ?
              a) To implement application & Session level events (ANS)
              b) To store configuration information
              c) To store styling information
              d) None of the above
104) What is a diffgram ?
              a) The one which renders the dataset object contents to XML (ANS)
              b) Finds the difference in two objects
              c) Finds the difference in two files
              d) None of the above
105) What is the lifespan for items stored in viewstate
             a) Exists for the Life of the current page (ANS)
             b) 20 mins
             c) 2 mins
             d) 2 sec
106) What data types do a Rangevalidator supports
              a) Integer
              b) String
              c) Date
              d) All of the above (ANS)
107) Select the output of the statement < form method=post action=”test.aspx” > 
              a) Transfers all the form data to test.aspx with HTTP headers (ANS)
              b) Transfers all the form data to test.aspx with out HTTP headers
              c) Calls post method on test.aspx
              d) None of the above
108) What is the out put of the following code byte a=200; byte b=100; byte c=a+b; Response.Write ( C );
              a) Run time Error
              b) Compile Time error (ANS)
              c) 300
              d) Just prints “C”
109) What is the out put of Following code String a=”Hello”; String b=”World” String c= a+b Response.Write ( “C “);
              a) Hello world
              b) C (ANS)
              c) A+b
              d) None of the above
110) Whats the significance of Request.MapPath( )
a)      Maps the specified virtual path to a physical path (ANS)
              b) Maps the specified absolute path to virtual path
              c) None
 111) Which of the following are not a member of Server Object
              a) Execute
              b) Transfer
              c) Open (ANS)
              d) HTMLDecode
  112) What is the significance of Server .MapPath
               a) Returns the physical file path that corresponds to virtual specified path (ANS)
               b) Returns the Virtual Path of the web folder
               c) Maps the specified virtual path to Physical path
               d) None
113) What is the Server.MachineName does
               a) Gets the Server’s Machine Name (ANS)
               b) Gets the Referred Web site name on the server
               c) Gets the Client Machine Name
               d) None
114)Whats is the significance of Response.ClearHeaders( )
 
              a) Clears all Headers from the buffer stream (ANS)
 
              b) Clears all the section value from rendered HTML File
              c) Clears the content of the Rendered page
              d) None of the above
115) What is the significance of Response.AddHeaders( )
               a) Adds HTTP Headers to output stream (ANS) 
               b) Adds Tag to rendered Page
               c) Add Headers to the web site
116) What is the difference between HTTP handlers & HTTP modules
               a) Httphandler is an class and Httpmodule is an assembly (ANS)
               b) Httphandler is an event handler and httpmodule is module to do some task
               c) Both of the above
               d) None of the above
117) Which namespace allows us to formauthentication ?
 
              a) System.Web.Ui.Forms.Security
 
              b) System.Web.Security
              c) System.Web.Configuration
c)      System.Web.Services
118) Which method displays the custom control
               a) The Prerender
 
               b) Render (ANS)
               c) Page_Load
               d) Display
119) When is the user controls code is executed
               a) After the webform loads (ANS)
               b) After the page_init event of webform
 
               c) Before Page_init event of web form
120) Client Sertificate is a collection of
                       
              a) Server
              b) Response
 
              c) Collection
 
              d) Request (ANS)
121) What section of the config.Web file is used for storing a list of authorized users?
               a) authorization (ANS)
               b) authentication
               c) securityPolicy
 
              d) None
122) How do you add ASP.Net 3rd party component
 
              a) By add/Remove items in the project menu
              b) Add reference of dll file and place the code where ever required (ANS)
              c) Cannot add 3rd party component to asp.net
123) The .NET Framework provides a runtime environment called
               a) RMT
 
               b) CLR (ANS)
               c) RCT
               d) RC
124) In ASP.NET in form page the object which contains the user name is
              a) Page.User.Identity (ANS)
              b) Page.User.IsInRole
 
              c) Page.User.Name
 
              d) None of the Above
125) Find the term: The .NET framework which provides automatic memory management using a technique called
               a) Serialization
 
               b) Garbage Collection (ANS)
  
               c) Assemblies
               d) Overriding
126) Which of the following denote ways to manage state in an ASP.Net Application?
 
              a) Session objects
b)      Application objects
              c) ViewState
 
              d) All the Above (ANS)
127) What is the base class from which all Web forms inherit?
               a) Master Page
 
               b) Page Class (ANS)
               c) Session Class
               d) None of the Above
128) WSDL stands for
               a) Web Server Description Language
               b) Web Server Descriptor Language
               c) Web Services Description Language (ANS)
 
               d) Web Services Descriptor Language
129) Which of the following must be done in order to connect data from some data resource to Repeater control?  
              a) Set the DataSource property
 
              b) Call the DataBind method
 
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS)
 
              d) None of the Above
130) Which of the following is FALSE?  
              a) ASP.NET applications run without a Web Server
 
              b) ASP+ and ASP.NET refer to the same thing
              c) ASP.NET is a major upgrade over ASP
 
              d) None of the Above (ANS)
 131) Which of the following transfer execution directly to another page?  
              a) Server.Transfer (ANS)
              b) Response.Redirect
 
              c) Both A) and B)
 
              d) None of the Above
132) If one has two different web form controls in a application and if one wanted to know whether the values in the above two different web form control match what control must be used?
 
              a) DataList
 
              b) GridView
              c) CompareValidator (ANS)
 
              d) Listview
133) Which of the following is used to send email message from my ASP.NET page?  
              a) System.Web.Mail.MailMessage 
              b) System.Web.Mail.SmtpMail
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS)  
              d) None of the Above
134) In my .NET Framework I have threads. Which of the following denote the possible priority level for the threads?  
              a) Normal
              b) AboveNormal
 
              c) Highest
 
              d) All the Above (ANS)
135) GIVE ONE WORD: In .NET the operation of reading metadata and using its contents is known as  
              a) Reflection (ANS)
              b) Enumeration
              c) Binding
 
              d) Serialization
136) In ASP.NET the < authorization > section contain which of the following elements  
              a) Both A) and B) (ANS)
              b) < deny >
              c) < allow >
              d) None of the Above
137) Suppose one wants to modify a SOAP message in a SOAP extension then how this can be achieved. Choose the correct option from below:  
               a) One must override the method ReceiveMessage (ANS)
               b) One must override the method InitializeMethod
               c) Both A) and B)
               d) One must override the method ProcessMessage
138) Which of the following can be used to add alternating color scheme in a Repeater control?  
              a) AlternatingItemTemplate (ANS)
              b) DataSource
 
              c) ColorValidator
              d) None of the Above
139) Suppose a .NET programmer wants to convert an object into a stream of bytes then the process is called  
              a) Serialization (ANS)
              b) Threading
 
              c) RCW
 
              d) AppDomain
140) The technique that allow code to make function calls to .NET applications on other processes and on other machines is  
              a) .NET Threading
              b) .NET Remoting (ANS)
 
              c) .NET RMT
 
              d) None of the above
141) The namespace within the Microsoft .NET framework which provides the functionality to implement transaction processing is  
              a) System.EnterpriseServices (ANS)
              b) System.Security
 
              c) System.Diagnostics
 
              d) System.Data
142) Which of the following method is used to obtain details about information types of assembly?  
               a) GetTypes
              b) GetType
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS)
 
              d) None of the Above
143) In ASP.NET the sessions can be dumped by using  
               a) Session.Dump 
               b) Session.Abandon (ANS)   
               c) Session.Exit
               d) None of the Above
144) Which of the following is TRUE about Windows Authentication in ASP.NET?  
              a) Automatically determines role membership (ANS)      
              b) Role membership determined only by user programming 
              c) ASP.NET does not support Windows Authentication
                d) None of the Above
145) Which method do you invoke on the DataAdapter control to load your generated dataset with data?)  
              a) Load ( )
              b) Fill( ) (ANS) 
              c) DataList
              d) DataBind
146) What tags one need to add within the asp:datagrid tags to bind columns manually?  
              a) Set AutoGenerateColumns Property to false on the datagrid tag (ANS)
              b) Set AutoGenerateColumns Property to true on the datagrid tag
 
              c) It is not possible to do the operation
 
              d) Set AutomaunalColumns Property to true on the datagrid tag
147) How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain?
              a) One
              b) Two 
              c) None 
              d) Many (ANS)
 148) Which of the following denote the property in every validation control?  
              a) ControlToValidate property 
              b) Text property 
              c) Both A) and B) (ANS) 
              d) None of the Above
  149) Which of the following allow writing formatted output?   
              a) Response.Write()
              b) Response.Output.Write()(ANS) 
              c) Both A) and B)
              d) None of the Above
 150) The actual work process of ASP.NET is taken care by  
               a) inetinfo.exe 
              b) aspnet_isapi.dll  
              c) aspnet_wp.exe (ANS)
              d) None of the Above
151) The type of code found in Code-Behind class is  
              a) Server-side code (ANS)
              b) Client-side code
              c) Both A) and B) 
              d) None of the above
 152) Give One word: Common type system is built into which of the following:  
  
              a) CLR (ANS)
              b) RCT 
              c) RCW 
              d) GAC