Medicare Fee Schedule, Payment and Reimbursement Benefit Guideline

Medicare Fee Schedule, Payment and Reimbursement Benefit Guideline 

 

Medicare payment fee schedule  is changing from state to state and county to county. Hence before download any fee schedule implementation, please make sure that you are choosing the correct county and state.

A fee schedule is a complete listing of fees used by Medicare to pay doctors or other providers/suppliers.  This comprehensive listing of fee maximums is used to reimburse a physician and/or other providers on a fee-for-service basis.  CMS develops fee schedules for physicians, ambulance services, clinical laboratory services, and durable medical equipment, prosthetics, orthotics, and supplies.  See Related Links below for information about each specific fee schedule.

PHYSICIAN SERVICES

Medicare Part B pays for physician services based on the Medicare PFS, which lists the more than 7,000 unique codes and their payment rates. Physicians’ services include: 

● Office visits
● Surgical procedures
● Anesthesia services
● A range of other diagnostic and therapeutic services Physicians’ services are furnished in all settings, including:
● Physicians’ offices
● Hospitals
● Ambulatory Surgical Centers
● Skilled Nursing Facilities and other post-acute care settings
● Hospices
● Outpatient dialysis facilities
● Clinical laboratories
● Beneficiaries’ homes

MEDICARE PFS PAYMENT RATES

The Medicare PFS payment rates formula shows how a payment rate for an individual service is determined, and we provide a description for each component below the formula.

1) Relative Value Units (RVUs)

Three separate RVUs are associated with calculating a payment under the Medicare PFS:

● The Work RVU reflects the relative time and intensity associated with furnishing a Medicare PFS service

● The Practice Expense (PE) RVU reflects the costs of maintaining a practice (such as renting office space, buying supplies and equipment, and staff costs)

● The Malpractice (MP) RVU reflects the costs of malpractice insurance



2) Geographic Practice Cost Indices (GPCIs)

Each of the three RVUs are adjusted to account for geographic variations in the costs of practicing medicine in different areas within the country. These adjustments are called GPCIs, and each kind of RVU component has a corresponding GPCI adjustment.


3) Conversion Factor (CF)

To determine the payment rate for a particular service, the sum of the geographically adjusted RVUs is multiplied by a CF in dollars. The statute specifies the formula by which the CF is updated on an annual basis.

You can use the Physician Fee Schedule Search Tool to obtain national and local payment rates. 
For information on how to use the Physician Fee Schedule Search Tool, refer to How to Use the Searchable Medicare Physician Fee Schedule

https://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Medicare-Learning-Network-MLN/MLNProducts/downloads/How_to_MPFS_Booklet_ICN901344.pdf

Method for Computing Fee Schedule Amount

The CMS continually updates, refines, and alters the methods used in computing the fee schedule amount. For example, input from the American Academy of Ophthalmology has led to alterations in the supplies and equipment used in the computation of the fee schedule for selected procedures. Likewise, new research has changed the payments made for physical and occupational therapy. The CMS provides the updated fee schedules to carriers on an annual basis. The sections below introduce the formulas used for fee schedule computations.

A. Formula

The fully implemented resource-based MPFS amount for a given service can be computed by using the formula below:

MPFS Amount = [(RVUw x GPCIw) + (RVUpe x GPCIpe) + (RVUm x GPCIm)] x CF

Where:

RVUw equals a relative value for physician work,

RVUpe equals a relative value for practice expense, and

RVUm refers to a relative value for malpractice.

In order to consider geographic differences in each payment locality, three geographic

practice cost indices (GPCIs) are included in the core formula:

A GPCI for physician work (GPCIw),

A GPCI for practice expense (GPCIpe), and

A GPCI for malpractice (GPCIm).

The above variables capture the efforts and productivity of the physician, his/her individualized costs for staff and for productivity-enhancing technology and materials.

The applicable national conversion factor (CF) is then used in the computation of every MPFS amount.

The national conversion factors are:

2002 - $36.1992

2001 - $38.2581

2000 - $36.6137

1999 - $34.7315

1998 - $36.6873

1997 - $40.9603 (Surgical); $33.8454 (Nonsurgical); $35.7671 (Primary Care)

1996 - $40.7986 (Surgical); $34.6296 (Nonsurgical); $35.4173 (Primary Care)

1995 - $39.447 (Surgical); $34.616 (Nonsurgical); $36.382 (Primary Care)

1994 - $35.158 (Surgical); $32.905 (Nonsurgical); $33.718 (Primary Care)

1993 - $31.926 (Surgical); $31,249 (Nonsurgical);

1992 - $31.001

For the years 1999 through 2002, payments attributable to practice expenses transitioned from charge-based amounts to resource-based practice expense RVUs. The CMS used the following transition formula to calculate the practice expense RVUs.

1999 - 75 percent of charged-based RVUs and 25 percent of the resource-based RVUs.

2000 - 50 percent of the charge-based RVUs and 50 percent of the resource-based RVUs.

2001 - 25 percent of the charge-based RVUs and 75 percent of the resource-based RVUs.

2002 - 100 percent of the resource-based RVUs.

As the tabular display introduced earlier indicates, CMS has calculated separate facility and nonfacility resource-based practice expense RVUs.

2010 Medicare Part B Fee Schedule for Delaware (DE),  District of Columbia Metropolitan Area (DCMA), Maryland (MD), New Jersey  (NJ), and Pennsylvania (PA) has been posted in https://www.highmarkmedicareservices.com/partb/index-feeinfo.html

2010 Medicare Part B Fee Schedule  for Connecticut, Indiana, Kentucky and New York has been posted in http://www.empiremedicare.com/ (please select Part B and specify the  region, you will be directed to 2010 Fee Schedule Database)

2010 Medicare physician fee schedule (MPFS)  updates for Florida, Puerto Rico and U.S. Virgin Islands are posted in http://medicare.fcso.com/Fee_news/

2010 Part B Medicare Physician Fee Schedule for  California (Jurisdiction 1 [J1] Part B) has been posted @ http://www.palmettogba.com/palmetto/providers.nsf/DocsCat/Jurisdiction%201%20Part%20B~Publications~Fee%20Schedules~Medicare%20Physician%20Fee%20Schedules%20and%20Updates~8525746A00550AA38525768100694D43

2010 Part B Medicare and Clinical Lab Fee Schedules for  the states Maine (ME), Massachusetts (MA), New Hampshire (NH), Vermont  (VT) and Rhode Island (RI) are posted @ http://www.medicarenhic.com/ne_prov/fee_sched.shtml

To view 2010  Medicare Fee Schedule for all regions please refer 
http://www.cms.hhs.gov/PhysicianFeeSched/PFSCSF/itemdetail.asp?filterType=none&filterByDID=0&sortByDID=2&sortOrder=descending&itemID=CMS1231104&intNumPerPage=10 (The Centers for Medicare  & Medicaid Services (CMS) has condensed all 56 Physician Fee  Schedule (PFS) carrier specific pricing files into one zip file) 

The final rule for payment policies under the Physician Fee Schedule  and other Revisions to Part B for CY 2010 has been posted in http://www.federalregister.gov/OFRUpload/OFRData/2009-26502_PI.pdf

Zip code look up to specific  Carrier Locality http://www.cms.hhs.gov/FeeScheduleGenInfo/ 2010 Durable Medical Equipment Prosthetics,  Orthotics and Supplies (DMEPOS) Fee Schedule for all States has been  posted @ http://www.cms.hhs.gov/DMEPOSFeeSched/LSDMEPOSFEE/itemdetail.asp?filterType=none&filterByDID=0&sortByDID=3&sortOrder=descending&itemID=CMS1231049&intNumPerPage=10

 

What is Differences Between a Rejection and Denial in Healthcare Billing System

Regardless of how brilliant a medical biller is, they are guaranteed to come across rejections and denials from time to time. These terms are frequently used to discuss medical billing claims and are often used interchangeably by even the most experienced team members in the health field. However, a rejection differs vastly from a denial. Additionally, the processes necessary to effectively overturn the ruling of a rejection is different from that of a denial. Understanding these fundamental differences is not only essential for ensuring that medical billing claims can be processed without unnecessary frustration, but will also help increase the efficiency of the revenue cycle and may potentially grow the profitability of the organization you work with.

Claims that do not meet the specific data requirements or the basic format necessary will be rejected, according to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Rejected claims will not be processed because they are not considered to have been “received” by the payor, thus do not make it into the adjudication system. This may sound complicated, but it really isn’t. It simply means that a rejected claim must be resubmitted when the error (or errors) is corrected appropriately. It’s important to note that beneficiaries of a rejected claim cannot be held liable because the services were never actually billed.

Denied claims, on the other hand, have been received by the adjudication system of the payor, and cannot be resubmitted because the payment determination has already been decided upon. A denied claim can, however, be appealed by the request of the payor to necessitate the proper modifications, additional required documents, etc.

Improving Revenue Cycles through Term Clarity

Educating staff members of the differences between a denied or a rejected claim can not only accelerate the appeals process drastically, but also help pinpoint where improvements can be made in the future. For instance, if your team comes across an inordinate amount of rejected claims, you may want to focus additional effort toward improving the process of your claim edits or scrubber to provide your clean claims rate with an added boost. This would likely require the involvement of IT, the business office, and possibly the vendor.

Making an effort to reduce the amount of denied claims will require additional effort as the direct cause can be slightly more difficult to sniff out. Many organizations update their accounting system continuously, making changes where needed in an attempt to improve, but often times further complicate certain tasks in the process. An example would be if your accounting system were configured to reduce rejected claims by accepting the claim adjustment reason codes (CARCs) assigned by HIPAA by parsing them according to queues based on the designated CARCs. Although the system setup may reduce the amount of rejections, it very well may increase the amount of denials. When it comes to configuring a patient accounting system, small details can make all the difference in how claims are processed. This may sound like a lot of technical jargon, but it’s important to have a basic understanding of the operations that your accounting system undergoes when processing claims so that simple mistakes can be avoided and rejected/denied claims can remain separate from one another.

Unseen Opportunity to Improve the Revenue Cycle 

By lumping the terms, denied and rejected together, you may be completely overlooking a possible situation where your organization’s revenue cycle can greatly benefit. Here is a very real scenario that has played out in many organizations virtually unnoticed by all. Imagine if an organization had been receiving notifications for rejected claims as part of an acknowledgement report. The only problem was that no one was actually tasked to work the reports. Instead, the staff member that received the reports was under the impression that rejections and denials were the same thing, but knew that the system this organization had in place was designed to drive denials / rejections to work queues. So, instead of separating the rejected claims, the staff member simply ignored the reports all together creating a problem that could potentially impair the organization’s overall revenue if not properly attended to.

Later on down the line, the rejected claim would appear in the work queue of an A/R staff member. It wasn’t until then that it was realized that the claim had never actually been received by the payor. Obviously, this would greatly hinder the entire claim adjudication process. If the payor pays approximately 45 days after receiving the claim, but the claim was delayed for an additional 20 days because it was needlessly sitting in the work queue, the provider would then be forced to wait 65 days past the date that the claim was originally billed before the payment would be received. In some instances, if the claim sits idle for long enough, too much time will have elapsed, and the provider will lose the revenue associated with that claim. Obviously, that is the worst case scenario, but you’d be surprised at how often this actually occurs. All of this trouble could easily be avoided if a single staff member was aware of the differences between a denied and a rejected claim.

Once workflows are assigned to process denied and rejected claims separately, the bottom line of that organization will improve immediately.

For those that have been in the health industry for many years, it may be habitual to use these terms synonymously, but doing so may be having negative repercussions. It’s incredible to consider that the minor disparity between two similar words can have such a profound impact on your organization. It is up to management to be on the same page as their team so that everyone understands the difference between a denied claim versus a rejected claim. Once that occurs, the appropriate resources can be allocated to ensure that operations run as smoothly as possible.

Top 50 Latest jQuery interview questions and answers (Part 2)

Q51. How to check if number is numeric while using jQuery 1.7+?
Ans: Using "isNumeric()" function which was introduced with jQuery 1.7. 

Q52. How to check data type of any variable in jQuery?
Ans: Using $.type(Object) which returns the built-in JavaScript type for the object.

Q53. How do you attach a event to element which should be executed only once?
Ans: Using jQuery one() method. This attaches a handler to an event for the element. The handler is executed at most once per element. In simple terms, the attached function will be called only once.

1	$(document).ready(function() {

2	$("#btnDummy").one("click", function() {

3	alert("This will be displayed only once.");

4

});

5

});​

Q54. Can you include multiple version of jQuery? If yes, then how they are executed?
Ans: Yes. Multiple versions of jQuery can be included in same page.

Q55. In what situation you would use multiple version of jQuery and how would you include them?
Ans: Well, it is quite possible that the jQuery plugins which are used are dependent on older version but for your own jQuery code, you would like to use newer version. So because of this dependency, multiple version of jQuery may required sometimes on single page.

Below code shows how to include multiple version of jQuery.

1	<script type='text/javascript' src='js/jquery_1.9.1.min.js'></script>

2

3	<script type='text/javascript'>

4	var $jq = jQuery.noConflict();

5

</script>

6

7	<script type='text/javascript' src='js/jquery_1.7.2.min.js'></script>

By this way, for your own jQuery code use "$jq", instead of "$" as "$jq" refers to jQuery 1.9.1, where "$" refers to 1.7.2.

Q56. Is it possible to hold or delay document.ready execution for sometime?
Ans: Yes, its possible. With Release of jQuery 1.6, a new method "jQuery.holdReady(hold)" was introduced. This method allows to delay the execution of document.ready() event. document.ready() event is called as soon as your DOM is ready but sometimes there is a situation when you want to load additional JavaScript or some plugins which you have referenced. 

1

​

2	$.holdReady(true);

3	$.getScript("myplugin.js", function() {

4	$.holdReady(false);

5

});

Q57. What is chaining in jQuery?
Ans: Chaining is one of the most powerful feature of jQuery. In jQuery, Chaining means to connect multiple functions, events on selectors. It makes your code short and easy to manage and it gives better performance. The chain starts from left to right. So left most will be called first and so on.

1	​$(document).ready(function(){

2	$('#dvContent').addClass('dummy');

3	$('#dvContent').css('color', 'red');

4	$('#dvContent').fadeIn('slow');

5

});​

The above jQuery code sample can be re-written using chaining. See below.

1	​$(document).ready(function(){

2	$('#dvContent').addClass('dummy')

3	.css('color', 'red')

4	.fadeIn('slow');

5

});​

Not only functions or methods, chaining also works with events in jQuery.

Q58. How does caching helps and how to use caching in jQuery?
Ans: Caching is an area which can give you awesome performance, if used properly and at the right place. While using jQuery, you should also think about caching. For example, if you are using any element in jQuery more than one time, then you must cache it. See below code.

1	$("#myID").css("color", "red");

2	//Doing some other stuff......

3	$("#myID").text("Error occurred!");

4

​

Now in above jQuery code, the element with #myID is used twice but without caching. So both the times jQuery had to traverse through DOM and get the element. But if you have saved this in a variable then you just need to reference the variable. So the better way would be,

1	var $myElement = $("#myID").css("color", "red");

2	//Doing some other stuff......

3	$myElement.text("Error occurred!");

4

​

So now in this case, jQuery won't need to traverse through the whole DOM tree when it is used second time. So in jQuery, Caching is like saving the jQuery selector in a variable. And using the variable reference when required instead of searching through DOM again.

Q59. You get "jquery is not defined" or "$ is not defined" error. What could be the reason?
Ans: There could be many reasons for this.

• You have forgot to include the reference of jQuery library and trying to access jQuery.
• You have include the reference of the jQuery file, but it is after your jQuery code.
• The order of the scripts is not correct. For example, if you are using any jQuery plugin and you have placed the reference of the plugin js before the jQuery library then you will face this error.

Q60. How to write browser specific code using jQuery?
Ans: Using jQuery.browser property, we can write browser specific code. This property contains flags for the useragent, read from navigator.userAgent. This property was removed in jQuery 1.9.

Q61. Can we use jQuery to make ajax request?
Ans: Yes. jQuery can be used for making ajax request.

Q62. What are various methods to make ajax request in jQuery?
Ans: Using below jQuery methods, you can make ajax calls.

• load() : Load a piece of html into a container DOM
• $.getJSON(): Load JSON with GET method.
• $.getScript(): Load a JavaScript file.
• $.get(): Use to make a GET call and play extensively with the response.
• $.post(): Use to make a POST call and don't want to load the response to some container DOM.
• $.ajax(): Use this to do something on XHR failures, or to specify ajax options (e.g. cache: true) on the fly.

Q63. Is there any advantage of using $.ajax() for ajax call against $.get() or $.post()?
Ans: By using jQuery post()/ jQuery get(), you always trust the response from the server and you believe it is going to be successful all the time. Well, it is certainly not a good idea to trust the response. As there can be n number of reason which may lead to failure of response. 

Where jQuery.ajax() is jQuery's low-level AJAX implementation. $.get and $.post are higher-level abstractions that are often easier to understand and use, but don't offer as much functionality (such as error callbacks).

Q64. What are deferred and promise object in jQuery?
Ans: Deferred and promise are part of jQuery since version 1.5 and they help in handling asynchronous functions like Ajax.

Q65. Can we execute/run multiple Ajax request simultaneously in jQuery? If yes, then how?
Ans: Yes, it is possible to execute multiple Ajax request simultaneously or in parallel. Instead of waiting for first ajax request to complete and then issue the second request is time consuming. The better approach to speed up things would be to execute multiple ajax request simultaneously.

Using jQuery .when() method which provides a way to execute callback functions based on one or more objects, usually Deferred objects that represent asynchronous events.

Q66. Can you call C# code-behind method using jQuery? If yes,then how?
Ans: Yes. We can call C# code-behind function via $.ajax. But for do that it is compulsory to mark the method as WebMethod.

Q67. Which is the latest version of jQuery library?
Ans: The latest version (when this post is written) of jQuery is 1.10.2 or 2.0.3. jQuery 2.x has the same API as jQuery 1.x, but does not support Internet Explorer 6, 7, or 8.

Q68. Does jQuery 2.0 supports IE?
Ans: No. jQuery 2.0 has no support for IE 6, IE 7 and IE 8.

Q69. What are source maps in jQuery?
Ans: In case of jQuery, Source Map is nothing but mapping of minified version of jQuery against the un-minified version. Source map allows to debug minified version of jQuery library. Source map feature was release with jQuery 1.9.

Q70. How to use migrate jQuery plugin?
Ans: with release of 1.9 version of jQuery, many deprecated methods were discarded and they are no longer available. But there are many sites in production which are still using these deprecated features and it's not possible to replace them overnight. So jQuery team provided with jQuery Migrate plugin that makes code written prior to 1.9 work with it.

So to use old/deprecated features, all you need to do is to provide reference of jQuery Migrate Plugin.

Q71. Is it possible to get value of multiple CSS properties in single statement?
Ans: Well, before jQuery 1.9 release it was not possible but one of the new feature of jQuery 1.9 was .css() multi-property getter.

1	var propCollection = $("#dvBox").css([ "width", "height", "backgroundColor" ]);

In this case, the propCollection will be an array and it will look something like this.

1

{

2	width: "100px",

3	height: "200px",

4	backgroundColor: "#FF00FF"

5

}

Q72. How do you stop the currently-running animation, remove all queued animations, and complete all animations for the matched elements?
Ans: It can be done via calling .stop([clearQueue ] [, jumpToEnd ]) method and by passing both the parameters as true.

Q73. What is finish method in jQuery?
Ans: The .finish() method stops all queued animations and places the element(s) in their final state. This method was introduced in jQuery 1.9.

Q74. What is the difference between calling stop(true,true) and finish method?
Ans: The .finish() method is similar to .stop(true, true) in that it clears the queue and the current animation jumps to its end value. It differs, however, in that .finish() also causes the CSS property of all queued animations to jump to their end values, as well.

Q75. Consider a scenario where things can be done easily with javascript, would you still prefer jQuery?
Ans: No. If things can be done easily via CSS or JavaScript then You should not think about jQuery. Remember, jQuery library always comes with xx kilobyte size and there is no point of wasting bandwidth.

Q76. Can we use protocol less URL while referencing jQuery from CDNs? 
Ans: Yes. Below code is completely valid.

1	<script type='text/javascript'src='//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js'></script>

Q77. What is the advantage of using protocol less URL while referencing jQuery from CDNs? 
Ans: It is quite useful when you are moving from HTTP to HTTPS url. You need to make sure that correct protocol is used for referencing jQuery library as pages served via SSL should contain no references to content served through unencrypted connections.

"protocol-less" URL is the best way to reference third party content that’s available via both HTTP and HTTPS. When a URL’s protocol is omitted, the browser uses the underlying document’s protocol instead.

Q78. What is jQuery plugin and what is the advantage of using plugin?
Ans: A plug-in is piece of code written in a standard JavaScript file. These files provide useful jQuery methods which can be used along with jQuery library methods. jQuery plugins are quite useful as its piece of code which is already written by someone and re-usable, which saves your development time.

Q79. What is jQuery UI?
Ans: jQuery UI is a curated set of user interface interactions, effects, widgets, and themes built on top of the jQuery JavaScript Library that can be used to build interactive web applications.

Q80. What is the difference between jQuery and jQuery UI?
Ans: jQuery is the core library. jQueryUI is built on top of it. If you use jQueryUI, you must also include jQuery.